摘要
目的 分析2017—2023年湖南省郴州市手足口病病原学监测结果,为更好地防控手足口病提供科学依据。方法采集2017—2023年郴州市各县(市、区)临床诊断为手足口病病例的肛拭子、咽拭子或粪便标本,用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测核酸,用描述性流行病学方法对病原分布特征进行分析。结果 2017—2023年郴州市共采集临床诊断为手足口病病例标本3 167份,检出阳性标本2 129份,阳性检出率为67.2%,肠道病毒71型(EVA71)、柯萨奇病毒A组16型(CV-A16)、其他肠道病毒和混合感染构成比分别为2.8%(59份)、23.3%(495份)、71.7%(1 527份)、2.3%(48份)。2017—2021年、2023年优势病原为其他肠道病毒,2022年为CV-A16,2017—2023年郴州市不同年份手足口病病例标本阳性检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=79.741,P<0.05)。手足口病发病呈双峰分布,即5—6月主高峰、9—11月次高峰。标本阳性检出率男性(68.6%)高于女性(65.2%)(χ^(2)=4.093,P<0.05)。0~<4岁组手足口病病原谱构成以其他肠道病毒为主,≥4岁以其他肠道病毒、CV-A16为主,不同年龄组手足口病标本阳性检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=13.921,P<0.05)。肛拭子+咽拭子标本阳性检出率最高(86.7%,13/15)。结论 郴州市手足口病病原学特征明显,应对其他肠道病毒分型,以便更好地了解病原谱的变化,掌握手足口病病原体的流行规律,更好地防控手足口病。
Objective To analyze the results of etiological surveillance of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)in Chenzhou City,Hunan Province from 2017 to 2023,so as to provide scientific basis for improved prevention and control strategies.Methods Clinical samples,including anal swabs,throat swabs,and feces,were collected from HFMD cases across counties and cities.Nucleic acids detection was performed using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR,and descriptive epidemiological methods were employed for analysis.Results From 2017 to 2023,a total of 3167 clinical samples of hand,foot and mouth disease were collected in Chenzhou,with 2129 positive specimens were detected,yielding a positive detection rate of 67.2%.Enterovirus 71(EV-A71),Coxsackievirus A Group 16(CV-A16),other enteroviruses and mixed infections accounted for 2.8%(59 copies),23.3%(495 copies),71.7%(1527 copies)and 2.3%(48 copies)respectively.Other enteroviruses were the dominant pathogens in 2017-2021 and 2023,while CV-A16 was predominant in 2022.The positive detection rate of HFMD cases in Chenzhou showed significant annual variation(χ^(2)=79.741,P<0.05).The incidence of HFMD exhibited a bimodal distribution,with the primary peak from May to June and a secondary peak from September to November.The positive detection rate was higher in male specimens(68.6%)than in female specimens(65.2%)(χ^(2)=4.093,P<0.05).In children aged 0-<4 years,the pathogen spectrum was mainly composed of other enteroviruses,while in children aged 4 years and above,it included both other enteroviruses and CV-A16.The positive detection rate varied significantly across different age groups(χ^(2)=13.921,P<0.05),with thehighest rate observed in combined anal and throat swabs(86.7%,13/15).Conclusions The pathogenic characteristics of hand,foot and mouth disease in Chenzhou City are obvious,so we should classify other enteroviruses in order to better understand the changes of pathogen spectrum,master the epidemic law of hand,foot and mouth disease pathogens and better prevent and control hand,foot and mouth disease.
作者
肖俊
刘鸽群
郑文
陈柏塘
XIAO Jun;LIU Gequn;ZHENG Wen;CHEN Baitang(Chenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chenzhou,Hunan 423000,China)
出处
《现代疾病预防控制》
2025年第8期611-615,共5页
MODERN DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION
基金
郴州市技术创新引导项目(lcyl2021114)。
关键词
手足口病
病原学
肠道病毒
Hand foot and mouth disease(HFMD)
Etiology
Enterovirus
作者简介
肖俊,主管技师,本科,研究方向:病原微生物检测;通信作者:刘鸽群,E-mail:1985623095@qq.com。
