摘要
目的分析掌握中国内地(不含港澳台)2015-2020年法定传染病流行特征,评估疫情形势,为制定传染病防控策略与措施提供参考和依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,使用Excel和SPSS 16.0对国家卫生健康委来源的全国传染病疫情资料进行整理和统计分析。结果中国内地2015-2020年报告法定传染病3类42种共44205532例,年均发病7367589例,年均发病率532.4318/10万,年度发病率及死亡率趋势总体逐年上升(F=192.195,P=0.002;F=104.079,P=0.002),但2020年发病率降至2015年以来最低。月度发病率以1、6、12月最高,死亡率逐月上升(F=23.763,P<0.001)。乙、丙类传染病发病率与死亡率较高,丙类传染病发病率(317.1294/10万)最高,乙类死亡率(1.5492/10万)最高且逐年上升(F=190.688,P<0.001)。年均发病率前5位分别为手足口病(137.3376/病毒性肝炎(89.4835/10万)、其他感染性腹泻(83.3602/10万)、流行性感冒(77.1785/10万)和肺结核(57.8747/10万);肠道传染病发病(231.2334/10万)高于呼吸道传染病(159.6429/10万)和血源及性传播传染病(132.0954/10万),虫媒及自然疫源性传染病发病率(5.6378/10万)最低。结论中国内地法定传染病疫情依然呈上升趋势,乙、丙类传染病发病率和死亡率较高,健康促进工作必须作为传染病防控工作的一项重点内容不断推进。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases in China's Mainland(excluding Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan)in 2015-2020,and assess the epidemic situation,so as to provide reference and basis for formulating strategies and measures for prevention and control.Method Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to sort out and statistically analyze the national epidemic data of infectious diseases from the National Health Commission by Excel and SPSS 16.0.Results A total of 44205532 cases of 3 categories and 42 kinds of notifiable infectious diseases were reported from 2015 to 2020 in China's Mainland,with an average annual incidence of 7367589 cases and an average annual incidence rate of 532.4318/100000.The incidence rate and mortality showed an upward trend year by year(F=192.195,P=0.002;F=104.079,P=0.002),but the incidence rate fell to the lowest level in 2020 since 2015.The incidence rate was highest in January,June and December,and the mortality rate increased month by month(F=23.763,P<0.001).The incidence and mortality of B and C infectious diseases were higher than other categories,and the incidence rate of class C infectious diseases was the highest(317.1294/100000),while the mortality rate of class B(1.5492/100000)was the highest and increased year by year(F=190.688,P<0.001).The notifiable infectious diseases of the top five incidence rate were hand,foot and mouth disease(137.3376/100000),viral hepatitis(89.4835/100000),other infectious diarrhea(83.3602/100000),influenza(77.1785/100000)and tuberculosis(57.8747/100000).The incidence rate of intestinal infectious diseases(231.2334/100000)was higher than that of respiratory tract infectious diseases(159.6429/100000)and blood or sexually transmitted diseases(132.0954/100000),and the incidence of insect borne and natural infectious diseases(5.6378/100000)was the lowest.Conclusions The epidemic situation of notifiable infectious diseases in China's Mainland was still on the rise,and the incidence and mortality of B and C infectious diseases were higher than other categories.Health education of infectious disease should be promoted.
作者
边文建
韩美辰
陈晓燕
BIAN Wenjian;HAN Meichen;CHEN Xiaoyan(Basic Medicine,Qingdao University,Qingdao,Shandong 266071,China;Zibo Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zibo,Shandong 255026,China)
出处
《热带医学杂志》
CAS
2023年第6期855-859,共5页
Journal of Tropical Medicine
基金
山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(2017WS163)
淄博市医药卫生科研项目(20231705121)
关键词
法定传染病
发病率
死亡率
Notifiable infectious diseases
Incidence rate
Mortality rate
作者简介
边文建(1988-),男,主管技师,研究方向:艾滋病防治,E-mail:18560297625@163.com
