摘要
为探究不同地区池塘养殖克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii)的生长特征与肌肉品质,研究于2024年3—6月在湖北大冶市、广东南雄市、海南海口市选择面积相同的池塘,投放相同来源、规格和数量的克氏原螯虾幼苗进行养殖对比实验。实验期间海南实验塘月平均水温始终最高,4月和5月海南组克氏原螯虾的体长、体重均显著高于广东组和湖北组,6月时3组间克氏原螯虾体长和体重均无显著性差异,投放30d后海南组和广东组克氏原螯虾的特定生长率开始低于湖北组。相关性分析和冗余分析表明,水温是影响克氏原螯虾生长的关键因子。肌肉基本组分上广东组克氏原螯虾粗蛋白含量显著高于湖北组及海南组,水分含量显著低于另外两组。氨基酸品质上3组克氏原螯虾肌肉的氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸含量、呈味氨基酸含量无显著性差异。脂肪酸品质上广东组EPA+DHA含量高于湖北组和海南组,海南组单不饱和脂肪酸低于湖北组及广东组。上述结果表明3—5月海南和广东相对较高的温度有利于促进克氏原螯虾生长,6月份海南过高的温度会对其生长产生抑制作用,可能对单不饱和脂肪酸合成有一定抑制作用,而广东适度高温可能会促进多不饱和脂肪酸的合成。海南和广东地区具备克氏原螯虾养殖的潜力,其特殊的水热条件可以为克氏原螯虾反季节养殖和提前上市提供有利环境条件。
To explore the growth characteristics and muscle quality of Procambarus clarkii cultured in ponds across different regions,this study was conducted from March to June 2024.Ponds with similar areas and environmental conditions were selected in Daye City,Hubei Province;Nanxiong City,Guangdong Province,and Haikou City,Hainan Province.Juvenile P.clarkii of the same source,specification,and quantity were stocked for a comparative culture experiment.During the experiment,the monthly average water temperature in the Hainan pond remained the highest.In April and May,the body length and weight of P.clarkii in the Hainan group were significantly greater than those in the Guangdong and Hubei groups.However,there was no significant difference in body length and weight among the three groups in June.Thirty days after stocking,the specific growth rate of P.clarkii in the Hainan and Guangdong groups began to be lower than that in the Hubei group.Correlation and redundancy analysis showed that the water temperature(WT)was the key factor affecting P.clarkii growth.In terms of basic components,the crude protein content of P.clarkii in the Guangdong group was significantly higher than that in the Hubei and Hainan groups,while the water content was significantly lower than that in the other two groups.In terms of amino acid quality,there was no significant difference in the total amino acid content,essential amino acid content,or flavor amino acid content among the three groups.In terms of fatty acid quality,the content of EPA+DHA in the Guangdong group was higher than that in the Hubei and Hainan groups,while the monounsaturated fatty acid content in the Hainan group was lower than that in the Hubei and Guangdong groups.The results show that the relatively high temperatures in Hainan and Guangdong from March to May promote the growth of P.clarkii.However,excessively high temperature in Hainan in June may inhibit growth and suppress the synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids.In contrast,the moderately high temperature in Guangdong may promote the synthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids.Hainan and Guangdong regions have the potential for culturing P.clarkii,with their special hydrothermal environmental supporting off-season cultivation and early market availability.
作者
徐登歌
郭铠莹
王宇驰
荣宽
郭超
张堂林
刘家寿
李为
XU Deng-Ge;GUO Kai-Ying;WANG Yu-Chi;RONG Kuan;GUO Chao;ZHANG Tang-Lin;LIU Jia-Shou;LI Wei(State Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture,Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;Hubei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Paddy Field Integrated Cultivation,Wuhan 430072,China)
出处
《水生生物学报》
北大核心
2025年第9期150-161,共12页
Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica
基金
国家重点研发计划(2023YFD2401802和2023YFD2402000)
吉安市创新类人才项目(jasb202310324)
黄河三角洲产业领军人才工程项目(DYRC20200215)资助。
关键词
池塘养殖
生长特征
肌肉品质
温度
克氏原螯虾
Pond culture
Growth characteristics
Muscle quality
Temperature
Procambarus clarkii
作者简介
徐登歌(2000-),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为渔业生态学。E-mail:2918859269@qq.com;通信作者:李为(1983-),男,研究员,主要研究方向为渔业生态学。E-mail:liwei@ihb.ac.cn。
