摘要
在上、下口直径分别为1.2 m和0.8 m、高0.8 m的圆桶中,装入粉碎风干土300 kg,土层深度0.35 m,加水淹没。5月1日,每桶种植2个藕芽。6月10日,藕叶挺出水面时,每桶投放体长3.89 cm(200尾·kg^(-1))的克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii)7尾。实验设7个处理组,即5个饲料与肥料配施处理:(1)饲料+化肥(F-CF)、(2)饲料+有机肥替代25%化肥(F-M25%)、(3)饲料+有机肥替代50%化肥(F-M50%)、(4)饲料+有机肥替代75%化肥(F-M75%)、(5)饲料+有机肥替代100%化肥(F-M100%),及2个不投喂饲料仅施用(1)化肥(CF)和(2)有机肥替代100%化肥(M100%)。每个处理重复3次。有机肥作基肥,追肥采用化肥。克氏原螯虾投喂量为每桶总体质量的2%~3%,探究藕田养虾模式下,有机无机肥料对克氏原螯虾生长性能和营养组成的影响,以探讨藕田养虾模式合理施用肥料技术。63 d的饲养结果表明:藕田养虾模式中,投喂饲料可显著促进克氏原螯虾生长性能、产量及其基础营养含量(P<0.05);投喂饲料基础上,采取全量有机肥替代化肥(F-M100%)克氏原螯虾日增重、特定生长率指标均较高(P>0.05);其成活率虽较F-M25%组下降6.25%(P>0.05),但其产量相较于后者仅下降0.94%(P>0.05);其含肉率略低于F-M50%,但其粗灰分、总氨基酸含量均最高。该组克氏原螯虾鲜肉中的不饱和脂肪酸绝对及相对含量均较高(P>0.05),提升了虾肉品质。藕田养虾中,投喂饲料,并结合用全量有机肥替代化肥,有效提升了克氏原螯虾的养殖性能和鲜肉营养品质。
Two lotus root(Canna edulisn)buds were planted in a plastic bucket with diameter of the upper and lower openings of 1.2 m and 0.8 m,respectively,and the height of 0.8 m containing 300 kg of crushed air-dried soil,with a soil depth of 0.35 m,submerged with water,on May 1.On June 10,when the lotus root leaves came out of the water,7 individuals of red swamp crayfish(Procambarus clarkii)with body length of 3.89 cm(200 crayfish·kg;)were reared in each bucket under 5 combined treatments of feed and fertilizer:(1)feed+chemical fertilizer(F-CF);(2)feed+organic fertilizer replacing 25%chemical fertilizer(F-M 25%);(3)feed+organic fertilizer replacing 50%chemical fertilizer(F-M 50%);(4)feed+organic fertilizer replacing 75%chemical fertilizer(F-M 75%);(5)feed+organic fertilizer replacing 100%chemical fertilizer(F-M 100%)and 2 only(1)chemical fertilizer(CF)and(2)organic fertilizer replacing 100%chemical fertilizer(M 100%)with triplication for each treatment for 63 d.Organic fertilizer was used as base fertilizer,and chemical fertilizer as top dressing.The red swamp crayfish fed diet at a feeding rate of 2%~3%of the total weight in each barrel in order to explore the effects of organic and inorganic fertilizer application on the growth performance and nutrient composition of the crayfish in lotus root fields.The results showed that there was significantly higher growth performance,yield and basic nutrient contents in the crayfish fed diet in the lotus root field shrimp culture modes(P<0.05).Higher daily gain and specific growth rate were observed in the crayfish fed and treated with total organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer(F-M 100%),with lower survival rate(6.25%)than that in F-M 25%group(P>0.05).The yield per 667 m;,however,was decreased by only 0.94%compared with that in F-M 25%group(P>0.05).The crayfish fed and treated with total organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer(F-M 100%)had slightly lower dressing rate than that the crayfish in F-M 50%group did,and had the maximal crude,ash and total amino acid contents.There were higher absolute and relative contents of unsaturated fatty acids in the flesh of the crayfish fed and treated with total organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer(P>0.05),which was helpful for the further improvement of the crayfish flesh quality.The findings indicate that feeding mode combined with total organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer can effectively improve the breeding performance of the crayfish and improve the nutritional quality of fresh under the lotus root field crayfish cultivation mode.
作者
张家宏
王桂良
寇祥明
王守红
韩光明
吴雷明
徐荣
唐鹤军
朱凌宇
毕建花
ZHANG Jiahong;WANG Guiliang;KOU Xiangming;WANG Shouhong;HAN Guangming;WU Leiming;XU Rong;TANG Hejun;ZHU Lingyu;BI Jianhua(Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu,Yangzhou 225007,China;Jiangsu Research&Engineering Center for Ecological Agriculture,Yangzhou 225008,China;Jiangsu Puxing Circular Agriculture Development Company Limited,Yangzhou 225654,China)
出处
《水产学杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第1期82-88,共7页
Chinese Journal of Fisheries
基金
江苏省重点研发计划(现代农业)(BE2018352、BE2018355-4)
江苏现代农业克氏原螯虾产业技术体系(JATS[2019]251)
江苏省农业科技自主创新资金(CX(17)2007)
江苏省农业标准化试点(苏质监标发[2017]46号
江苏省"六大人才高峰"培养资金(NY-244)
扬州市重点研发计划(YZ2018130、YZ2018069)
关键词
藕田
克氏原螯虾
有机肥替代化肥
养殖性能
营养组成
lotus root field
Procambarus clarkii
organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer
aquaculture performance
nutrient composition
作者简介
张家宏,男,研究员,从事生态农业研究.E-mail:yzzhangjh@126.com
