双阶不法判断视域下帮信罪情节严重条款的适用

Application of the"Serious Circumstances"Clause in the Offence of Helping Information Network Criminal Activities from the Perspective of Dual-Stage Wrongdoing Evaluation

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摘要《关于办理帮助信息网络犯罪活动等刑事案件有关问题的意见》第6条规定,有效整合并完善了既有司法解释及司法解释性文件中“其他情节严重情形”条款及兜底条款。试图以帮助行为从属性限缩帮信罪情节严重条款的适用,或以“积量构罪”证成帮信罪情节严重标准独立性的既有理论方案均不成功。需明确帮信罪的不法判断分为定性与定量两个阶段,定性与定量判断并非一体两面的关系,且上下游犯罪视域下帮信罪具备独立的不法内涵。基于此认知,应将帮信罪不法类型与罪量程度之间的实质关联作为适用意见第6条的规范标准。据此,可立足于提高帮信罪入罪门槛、防止帮信罪适用不当扩张的刑事政策导向,厘清该条各款确立的具体入罪标准,避免形式化、机械化适用该条导致其由兜底条款异化为口袋条款,有效促进对帮信活动的依法从严治理。 Article 6 of the Opinions on Related Issues Concerning the Offence of Helping Information Network Criminal Activities and Other Criminal Cases effectively consolidates and refines the"other serious circumstances"clauses and catch-all provisions found in existing judicial interpretations and documents of judicial interpretation nature.Prevailing theoretical approaches,whether attempting to restrict the application of"serious circumstances"clause through the accessory nature of aiding acts or seeking to justify the independence of its seriousness standard via the aggregation of acts for conviction doctrine,prove inadequate.It is necessary to clarify that the wrongdoing evaluation for this offence occurs in two distinct stages:qualitative determination and quantitative evaluation.These stages are not merely two sides of the same coin.Furthermore,this offence possesses an independent wrongdoing connotation when viewed within the context of upstream and downstream crimes.Based on this,the substantive connection between the type of wrongdoing in the offence and the degree of harm should serve as the standard for applying Article 6.Accordingly,guided by the criminal policy orientation of raising the threshold for conviction and preventing unwarranted expansion of its application,the specific criteria for criminalization established by the various paragraphs of Article 6 should be clarified.This will avoid a formalistic or mechanical application that risks transforming the catch-all provision into over-criminalization,thereby effectively promoting the restrictive governance of activities aiding information network crimes under rule of law.

作者敬力嘉 Jing Lijia

机构地区武汉大学法学院

出处《中国应用法学》 2025年第4期83-96,共14页 China Journal of Applied Jurisprudence

基金 2025年度最高人民检察院检察应用理论研究课题第18号“跨境电诈刑事案件法律适用问题研究”的阶段性研究成果。

关键词帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪其他情节严重情形独立性入罪门槛 the offence of helping information network criminal activities other serious circumstances independence threshold for conviction

分类号 D924.3 [政治法律—刑法学]

作者简介敬力嘉,武汉大学法学院副教授。