政府专项债赋能新质生产力发展:理论逻辑与政策路径

The Development of New Quality Productive Forces Enabled by Special Government Debt:The Theoretical Logic and Policy Path

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摘要在中国式现代化目标背景下,培育和发展新质生产力是实现经济增长动能转换和高质量发展的内在要求。本文在系统阐述政府专项债影响新质生产力发展理论逻辑的基础上,结合现实制度约束,提出与新质生产力发展相适应的专项债治理路径。理论上,专项债有助于发挥“有为政府”作用,进而对新质生产要素和新型生产关系的形成产生影响。实践中,它主要通过新型基础设施建设、公共服务供给、创新资源配置和生态环境治理等潜在机制作用于新质生产力发展。但是,现有专项债政策体系在资金投向范围、使用效率、地区配置、项目监管和风险防范等方面存在需要进一步与新质生产力发展目标相适应的问题。未来应通过优化专项债资金使用结构、完善地区分配机制、加强资金全生命周期和项目管理水平、健全风险防范机制等助力新质生产力快速发展。 Under the backdrop of the goal of Chinese-style modernization,fostering and developing new-quality productivity is an inherent requirement for achieving a transformation in the drivers of economic growth and high-quality development.This paper,on the basis of systematically expounding the theoretical logic of the impact of government special bonds on the development of new-quality productivity,and in combination with the current institutional constraints,proposes a governance path for special bonds that is compatible with the development of new-quality productivity.Theoretically,special bonds can help play the role of a"proactive government",thereby influencing the formation of new-quality production factors and new type of production relations.In practice,it mainly affects the development of new-quality productivity through potential mechanisms such as the construction of new infrastructure,the supply of public services,the allocation of innovation resources,and the governance of the ecological environment.However,the existing special bond policy system has problems that are not in line with the development goals of new-quality productivity in terms of the scope of fund allocation,usage efficiency,regional distribution,project supervision,and risk prevention.In the future,efforts should be made to optimize the structure of special bond fund usage,improve the regional allocation mechanism,strengthen the full life cycle and project management of funds,and improve the risk prevention mechanism to facilitate the rapid development of new-quality productivity.

作者冀云阳付文林 Ji Yunyang;Fu Wenlin

机构地区湖南大学经济与贸易学院浙江财经大学财政税务学院

出处《财政研究》北大核心 2025年第5期102-113,共12页 Public Finance Research

基金浙江省社会科学重点研究基地浙江财经大学地方财政研究院课题(ILFR202402) 湖南省社会科学基金项目“地方政府债务投资绩效及其预算管理改革研究”(22JD007)。

关键词政府专项债新质生产力新质生产要素新型生产关系 Special Government Debt New Quality Productivity New Quality Production Factors New Type of Production Relations

分类号 F810 [经济管理—财政学]

作者简介冀云阳,湖南大学经济与贸易学院,Dufejyy@163.com;付文林,浙江财经大学财政税务学院,fuwenlin@zufe.edu.cn。