董仲舒春秋学的辞指观——兼论建构中国阐释学的思想资源问题

Dong Zhongshu’s Hermeneutics for the Spring and Autumn Annals:Also Discussing the Ideological Resources for Constructing Chinese Hermeneutics

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摘要董仲舒阐释《春秋》是中国古代经典阐释史的重要事件,《春秋繁露》中提出的辞指观是董仲舒阐释学思想的核心内容。他进一步细化了《春秋》之“辞”的分类,重视言辞的深层意蕴,强调“指”的指向性和寓意功能。他以辞、事、情为根据,以指、义、道为旨归,提出“入其辞—原事、本情—考意观指—适道”的阐释路径,兼有训诂与义理两种方法论意义。这种“由辞见指”的阐释路径包含精心达思、以比贯类、见微推著、想象等思维方式。董仲舒在阐释经典的基础上,结合新的时代需求,创造性地提出新的阐释学思想,建构天人关系学说,为当代学者建构中国阐释学提供了重要的方法论启示,即既要重视从古代理论学说中发掘中国古代阐释学思想资源,也要重视古代经典阐释的事件。 Dong Zhongshu’s interpretation of Spring and Autumn Annals is a significant event in the history of classical Chinese exegesis.His concept of“Ci Zhi”(辞指),proposed in the Luxuriant Dew of the Spring and Autumn Annals,is the core of his hermeneutical thought.He further categorizes the“Ci”(辞,character)in the Spring and Autumn Annals,emphasizing its deeper implications,and highlighting the directionality and allegorical functions of“Zhi”(reference).He takes words,events,and emotions as the basis,and refers to deep connotation and Tao as the purport,proposing an interpretative path,which combines both the methodologies of philological interpretation and philosophical reasoning.His interpretative path of seeing the Ci to the reference includes many ways of thinking,such as careful expression of thoughts,analogy,inferring the significant from the trivial,and imagination.On the basis of interpreting the classics,Dong Zhongshu creatively puts forward new hermeneutical ideas in response to the needs of this times,constructing a theory of the relationship between Heaven and Human.This provides important methodological insights for contemporary scholars in constructing Chinese hermeneutics.Specifically,it emphasizes the importance of both exploring ancient Chinese hermeneutics from traditional theories and paying attention to the interpretation of ancient classics.

作者李新 LI Xin(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Jiangsu Normal University,Xuzhou 221116,China)

机构地区江苏师范大学文学院

出处《燕山大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》 2025年第2期18-26,共9页 Journal of Yanshan University:Philosophy and Social Science

基金江苏师范大学博士学位教师科研支持项目“汉代意象思想研究”(22XFRS046)的阶段性成果。

关键词春秋学由辞见指见微推著经典阐释中国阐释学 The Spring and Autumn Annals Inspecting the references according to characters From the concealment to the salient the interpretation of Chinese Classics Chinese hermeneutics

分类号 I01 [文学—文学理论]

作者简介李新(1990-),男,江苏徐州人,文学博士,江苏师范大学文学院讲师。