摘要
[目的]筛选适合在江苏省沿海低海拔湿热地区推广种植的饲用藜麦品种。[方法]以红心藜麦、蒙藜1号、SL577C、SL2860D、SL923E 5个饲用藜麦品种为试验材料,选取3个生长时期(90、105、120 d)作为观测时间,测定并比较不同品种饲用藜麦植株的农艺性状指标(株高、叶绿素含量、单株鲜重、单株叶重、单株茎重、茎叶比)和营养品质指标(干物质、粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维含量)。[结果]在3个观测时间点,红心藜麦的株高、单株鲜重、单株叶重、单株茎重均显著(P<0.05)高于其他4个饲用藜麦品种;茎叶比低于其他4个饲用藜麦品种。生长90、105、120 d时,叶绿素含量最高的品种分别为SL577C、SL2860D、蒙藜1号,三者均显著(P<0.05)高于红心藜麦;干物质含量最高的品种分别为SL577C、SL2860D、SL577C,三者均显著(P<0.05)高于红心藜麦、蒙藜1号、SL923E。生长90 d及105 d时,蒙藜1号的粗蛋白含量最高,生长120 d时,SL577C的粗蛋白含量最高,均显著(P<0.05)高于红心藜麦。生长90 d及105 d时,5个品种藜麦植株的中性洗涤纤维及酸性洗涤纤维含量之间无显著(P>0.05)差异;生长120 d时,红心藜麦的酸性洗涤纤维含量最高,显著(P<0.05)高于其他4个饲用藜麦品种。随着生长时期的推进,红心藜麦的粗蛋白含量呈下降趋势、中性洗涤纤维及酸性洗涤纤维含量呈上升趋势;在生长105 d时,蒙藜1号的干物质、粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维及酸性洗涤纤维含量综合表现最佳;在生长120 d时,SL577C的干物质、粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维及酸性洗涤纤维含量综合表现最佳。[结论]综合农艺性状和营养品质表现,红心藜麦、蒙藜1号、SL577C是适合在江苏省沿海低海拔湿热地区种植的饲用藜麦品种,在实际生产中,分别适宜在生长90、105、120 d左右采收。
[Objective]This study aimed to screen the forage quinoa varieties suitable for cultivating in low-altitude,hot and humid areas along the coast of Jiangsu Province.[Method]Five varieties of forage quinoa,including Hongxin Limai,Mengli No.1,SL577C,SL2860D and SL923E were used as the experimental materials.Indicators associated with agronomic(plant height,chlorophyll content,fresh weight per plant,leaf weight per plant,stem weight per plant,and stem to leaf ratio)and nutritional(contents of dry matter,crude protein,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber)traits of the tested forage quinoa varieties at three growth periods(90,105 and 120 d)were characterized and statistically assessed.[Result]At the three observation time points,the plant height,fresh weight per plant,leaf weight per plant and stem weight per plant of Hongxin Limai were all significantly(P<0.05)higher than those of the other four varieties,while the stem to leaf ratio was lower.On 90,105 and 120 d of growth,the varieties exhibiting the highest chlorophyll content were SL577C,SL2860D and Mengli No.1,respectively,and they were all significantly(P<0.05)higher than Hongxin Limai;the varieties with the highest dry matter content were SL577C,SL2860D and SL577C,respectively,and they were all significantly(P<0.05)higher than Hongxin Limai,Mengli No.1 and SL923E.On 90 and 105 d of growth,the highest crude protein content was observed in Mengli No.1;on 120 d of growth,SL577C had the highest crude protein content;they were all significantly(P<0.05)higher than Hongxin Limai.On 90 and 105 d of growth,there were no significant(P>0.05)differences in contents of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber among the five varieties.On 120 d of growth,Hongxin Limai had the highest acid detergent fiber content,which was significantly(P<0.05)higher than the other four varieties.As the growth period progressed,Hongxin Limai exhibited decreased crude protein content as well as increased neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber contents.On 105 d and 120 d of growth,Mengli No.1 and SL577C had the best comprehensive performance in contents of dry matter,crude protein,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber,respectively.[Conclusion]Combining the agronomic and nutritional traits,it was concluded that Hongxin Limai,Mengli No.1 and SL577C were the forage quinoa varieties suitable for cultivating in low-altitude,hot and humid areas along the coast of Jiangsu Province,and they were recommended to be harvested at around 90,105,120 d of growth,respectively.
作者
王伟义
方迪
巩文红
肖霞
杨智青
WANG Weiyi;FANG Di;GONG Wenhong;XIAO Xia;YANG Zhiqing(Xinyang Agricultural Experiment Station of Yancheng City,Yancheng 224050,China;Research Base Management Office,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China;Institute of Agricultural Science in Jiangsu Coastal Areas/Yancheng Engineering and Technology Research Center of Animal Husbandry Equipment,Yancheng 224002,China)
出处
《畜牧与饲料科学》
2024年第5期84-90,共7页
Animal Husbandry and Feed Science
基金
江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目“江苏沿海地区饲草藜麦品种筛选及青贮发酵品质调控技术研究”[CX(22)3038]。
关键词
藜麦
饲用品种
生育期
农艺性状
营养品质
quinoa
forage variety
growth period
agronomic trait
nutritional quality
作者简介
王伟义(1972-),男,助理研究员,主要研究方向为动物营养及饲料资源开发利用。
