摘要
目的探讨北京市中学生抑郁、焦虑流行现状及其与欺凌和暴力行为的关系,为促进中学生的心理健康提供依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,于2023年9—11月间抽取北京市16个区共计18379名初中、普通高中、职业高中学生进行问卷调查。采用χ~2检验分析中学生抑郁、焦虑症状和欺凌等伤害相关行为的情况,采用Logistic回归分析中学生抑郁焦虑现状与伤害相关行为之间的相关性。结果北京市中学生抑郁症状检出率为18.2%,焦虑症状检出率为8.6%,二者共患检出率为7.6%;被校园欺凌的报告率为3.3%。Logistic回归分析结果显示,女生(OR=1.23)、普通高中(OR=1.85)和职业高中(OR=1.91)、被校园欺凌(OR=3.83)、被家长打骂(OR=3.32)和被网络暴力(OR=4.43)均是抑郁症状的正性相关因素;不住校(OR=0.87)是抑郁症状的负性相关因素(P值均<0.05)。女生(OR=1.32)、普通高中(OR=1.77)和职业高中(OR=1.50)、被校园欺凌(OR=3.63)、被家长打骂(OR=3.41)和被网络暴力(OR=3.33)均是焦虑症状的正性相关因素(P值均<0.05)。结论北京市中学生抑郁、焦虑症状与被校园欺凌和经受来自家长或网络的暴力等行为相关。应采取多种措施减少中学生被欺凌、被家长打骂和被网络暴力等情况,以促进中学生心理健康。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of depression and anxiety and its relationship with bullying and violent behaviors among middle school students in Beijing,so as to provide a scientific basis for promoting the mental health of middle school students.Methods A total of 18379 junior high school,general high school,and vocational high school students from 16 districts of Beijing were selected by stratified cluster random sampling from September to November,2023.Theχ2 test was used to analyze the depression or anxiety symptom and injury-related behaviors such as bullying among middle school students.Logistics regression was used to analyze the correlation between depression or anxiety symptom and injury correlation behaviors among middle school students.Results The detection rates of depression symptoms and anxiety symptoms were 18.2%and 8.6%among middle school students in Beijing,and the comorbidity was 7.6%.The reporting rate of school bullying was 3.3%.The results of Logistic regression showed that girls(OR=1.23),high school students(OR=1.85)and vocational high school students(OR=1.91),school bullying(OR=3.83),being scolded and beaten by parents(OR=3.32)and being exposed to cyber violence(OR=4.43)were positive factors related to depression symptoms;and non-residential students(OR=0.87)was a negative factor related to depression symptoms(P<0.05).Girls(OR=1.32),high school students(OR=1.77)and vocational high school students(OR=1.50),school bullying(OR=3.63),being scolded and beaten by parents(OR=3.41)and being exposed to cyber violence(OR=3.33)were positive factore related to anxiety symptoms(P<0.05).Conclusions The depression and anxiety symptoms among middle school students in Beijing are closely related to the behaviors of school bullying and experiencing violence from parents or the Internet.Various measures should be taken to reduce the situation of school bullying,being scolded and beaten by parents and cyber violence among middle school students to promote their mental health.
作者
赵海
王路
孙冰洁
郭欣
ZHAO Hai;WANG Lu;SUN Bingjie;GUO Xin(School Health Department,Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Beijing(100103),China)
出处
《中国学校卫生》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第7期1017-1020,1025,共5页
Chinese Journal of School Health
基金
北京市卫生健康委员会高层次公共卫生技术人才建设项目(领军人才-01-09)
中央补助北京市基本公共卫生项目。
关键词
抑郁
焦虑
暴力
精神卫生
回归分析
学生
Depression
Anxiety
Violence
Mental health
Regression analysis
Students
作者简介
赵海(1987-),女,河北省人,硕士,主管医师,主要研究方向为儿童青少年健康影响因素;通信作者:郭欣,E-mail:gguoxin2000@126.com。
