摘要
苦杏仁为我国传统药食同源中药,临床应用广泛且疗效显著。苦杏仁主要含有氰苷类、脂肪酸类、挥发油类、氨基酸类、黄酮类及微量元素类等成分,大量研究表明,苦杏仁具有止咳平喘、润肠通便、抗炎镇痛、免疫调节等药理作用。除了主要活性成分苦杏仁苷外,苦杏仁所含营养物质油脂类成分也具有特定的药用活性,发挥着重要的作用,近年来受到国内学者的广泛关注。苦杏仁临床常以复方入药,在新型冠状病毒感染的治疗中也得到了广泛应用。就中药苦杏仁在化学成分、药理作用、毒性、临床应用以及品质评价进行了全面系统的综述。基于质量标志物(Quality Marker, Q-Marker)的核心理念,从有效性、可测性、中药配伍环境、特有性、质量传递与溯源多方面来预测分析了中药苦杏仁的Q-Marker,研究发现与功效相关药理作用的活性成分主要为苦杏仁苷和苦杏仁油,结合可测性等综合结果初步预测苦杏仁苷、油酸、亚油酸可作为中药苦杏仁质量标志物的候选化合物,为中药苦杏仁质量控制研究现状提供参考,同时为建立和完善其质量评价体系提供理论依据。
Kuxingren(Armeniacae Semen Amarum)is a traditional Chinese medicine with with the same origin as food and medicine in China,which is widely used in clinical practice and has remarkable curative effects.It mainly contains cyanide glyco-sides,fatty acids,volatile oils,amino acids,flavonoids and trace elements.A large number of studies have shown that Kuxingren(Armeniacae Semen Amarum)has pharmacological effects such as relieving cough and asthma,moistening intestines and promo-ting bowel movements,anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects and immune regulation.In addition to the main active ingredient amygdalin,the nutrient oil components contained in Kuxingren(Armeniacae Semen Amarum)also have specific medicinal activi-ties and plays an important role.In recent years,they have received extensive attention from domestic scholars.Kuxingren(Ar-meniacae Semen Amarum)is often used as a compound in clinical practice,and also has been widely used in the treatment of no-vel coronavirus pneumonia.In this paper,the chemical constituents,pharmacological effects,toxicity,clinical application and quality evaluation of Kuxingren(Armeniacae Semen Amarum)were reviewed.Based on the core concept of quality Marker(Q-Marker),the Q-Marker of Kuxingren(Armeniacae Semen Amarum)was predicted and analyzed from the aspects of effective-ness,measurability,compatibility environment,specificity,quality transfer and traceability.It is found that amygdalin and amyg-dalin oil were the main active components of pharmacological effects related to the efficacy.Combined with the comprehensive re-sults of measurability,amygdalin,oleic acid and linoleic acid could be preliminarily predicted as candidate compounds for the Q-Marker of Kuxingren(Armeniacae Semen Amarum),which provided reference for the research status of quality control of Kuxin-gren(Armeniacae Semen Amarum)and theoretical basis for establishing and improving its quality evaluation system.
作者
柏寒
贺梦媛
徐洋
蒋志慧
高鹏
丛竹凤
BAI Han;HE Mengyuan;XU Yang;JIANG Zhihui;GAO Peng;CONG Zhufeng(Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250355,Shandong,China;Institute of Pharmaceutical Research,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250355,Shandong,China;Shandong First Medical University Affiliated Shandong Tumor Hospital and Institute,Jinan 250117,Shandong,China)
出处
《中华中医药学刊》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第9期199-209,共11页
Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine
基金
山东省重点研发计划项目(2020CXGC010505-06)。
关键词
苦杏仁
化学成分
药理作用
临床应用
质量标志物
Kuxingren(Armeniacae Semen Amarum)
chemical constituent
pharmacological effect
clinical application
qual-ity Marker
作者简介
柏寒(1998-),女,山东济南人,硕士在读,研究方向:中药制剂学;通讯作者:高鹏(1978-),男,山东青岛人,教授,博士研究生导师,博士,研究方向:中药创新药物现代化。E-mail:gaopeng@sdutcm.edu.cn;通讯作者:丛竹凤(1978-),女,山东海阳人,副主任药师,硕士,研究方向:中药制剂学。E-mail:congzhufeng@163.com。
