摘要
目的:对菌类中药的生物学特性、入药部位、生长环境和药性药效之间相关规律进行挖掘,为“辨状论质”理论加强佐证,为菌类中药的开发和利用提供参考。方法:对常用菌类中药的入药部位、性味归经、异养方式及其功效进行归纳总结。通过查阅《本草纲目》《神农本草经》《中国植物志》及文献资料,核对2020年版《中华人民共和国药典》、部分地方标准收录的菌类中药。结果:共筛选出28味常见菌类中药,不同菌类中药的性味归经、入药部位、习性、生境都不同,对其相关信息进行统计,在四气中,平>寒>温;在五味中,含甘味>含苦味>含淡味>含辛味=含咸味;在入药部位中,子实体>菌核>复合体>子座=外皮=其他;在归经中,肺>肝=心>脾=肾>胃;在习性中,寄生>腐生>共生=兼性寄生=兼性腐生。结论:菌类中药以寄生与腐生为主,四气以平居多,五味以含甘味居多,归经以肺、心、肝经居多,滋补、利水是其主要功效。菌类中药的色泽、习性、入药部位及生境均与其性味功效之间存在一定的相关性,为其深入研究、临床使用及资源开发提供全面的文献参考及理论依据。
Objective:The relevant laws among the biological characteristics,medicinal parts,growth environment,and medicinal properties and efficacy of traditional Chinese medicines(TCM)from fungi were excavated,so as to strengthen the theory of distinguishing symptoms for quality and provide a reference for the development and utilization of TCM from fungi.Method:The medicinal parts,meridians for properties and tastes,heterotrophic mode,and efficacy of commonly used TCM from fungi were summarized.By consulting the Compendium of Materia Medica,Shennong Materia Medica,Flora of China,and literature,the TCM from fungi indexed in the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and some local pharmacopeias were checked.Result:A total of 28 common TCM from fungi were selected.Different TCMs from fungi have different meridians for properties and tastes,medicinal parts,habits,and growth environments.The relevant information was counted.Among the four properties,plain>cold>warm.Among the five tastes,sweet>bitter>light>pungent=salty.In terms of medicinal parts,fruiting body>sclerotia>complex>spermia=outer skin=other.In terms of meridians,lung>liver=heart>spleen=kidney>stomach.In terms of habits,parasitism>saprophysis>symbiosis=facultative parasitism=facultative saprophysis.Conclusion:TCM from fungi are mainly parasitic and saprophytic,and the plain property and sweet taste the most.The meridians are mostly lung,heart,and liver.Nourishment and diuresis are the main efficacy.There is a certain correlation between the color,habit,medicinal parts,and growth environment of TCM from fungi and their properties,tastes,and efficacy,providing comprehensive literature reference and theoretical basis for their in-depth research,clinical use,and resource development.
作者
李秀清
纪宝玉
何江龙
李盼盼
吴婉阁
陈随清
董诚明
裴莉昕
LI Xiuqing;JI Baoyu;HE Jianglong;LI Panpan;WU Wange;CHEN Suiqing;DONG Chengming;PEI Lixin(School of Pharmacy,Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Henan Provincial Herbal Ecological Planting Engineering Technology Research Center,Zhengzhou 450046 China;Henan Key Laboratory of Resource and Chemistry for Chinese Traditional Medicine,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao,Henan Province,Zhengzhou 450046,China)
出处
《中国实验方剂学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第10期133-139,共7页
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae
基金
河南省社会科学界联合会调研课题项目(SKL-2022-2780)
河南省中医药文化与整理研究项目(TCM2021040)
河南省中医药文化与管理研究项目(TCM2023025)。
关键词
菌类中药
色泽
生境
寄生
功效
traditional Chinese medicines(TCM)from fungi
color
growth environment
parasitic
efficacy
作者简介
第一作者:李秀清,在读硕士,从事中药质量评价研究,E-mail:1424513383@qq.com;通信作者:纪宝玉,硕士,教授,从事中药资源及品质评价研究,Tel:0371-86535313,E-mail:584810680@qq.com;通信作者:裴莉昕,博士,副教授,从事中药质量评价研究,Tel:0371-86537650,E-mail:xlpxlp@aliyun.com。
