摘要
目的:对含乳汁的植物来源中药的植物学特征、生物学特性、化学成分和药性药效之间相关规律进行挖掘,为“辨状论质”理论加强论证,为乳汁植物资源的开发和利用提供参考。方法:对部分乳汁植物来源中药的性味归经、功效、入药部位、科属及化学成分进行统计。通过挖掘《中国植物志》《中华本草》《中药大辞典》及相关文献资料,筛选出收录在2020年版《中华人民共和国药典》中的乳汁植物来源中药共53味,对其性味归经、入药部位、化学成分及其中药学分类进行归纳总结,使用Excel 2013,ChiPlot 2023.3.31软件进行统计学分析。结果:发现乳汁植物主要分布于1界,1门,2纲,20科,大多数乳汁植物来源中药属于被子植物门下的双子叶植物纲;在性味中,平>寒>温>凉>热;苦>辛>甘>酸>咸;在归经中,肝>肺>肾>脾=大肠=胃>心>膀胱=胆>小肠;在入药部位中,根(根、根茎、块根、根皮)>树脂>种子>全草(全草、地上部分)>茎(茎、枝)>果实>叶>花=皮;在化学成分研究中,多为苷类成分;在中药学分类中,多属于活血化瘀药。结论:乳汁植物来源中药四气以平性居多,温寒分布均匀,五味以含苦、辛味居多,归经以归肝、肺经居多,以根、树脂入药为主,成分多含有苷类、生物碱类和挥发油类,多为活血化瘀和清热解毒药,乳汁植物来源中药的生长习性、入药部位、化学成分等均与其性味功效之间存在一定的相关性,为乳汁来源中药的资源开发和利用提供参考。
Objective:To investigate the correlation among the botanical characteristics,biological characteristics,chemical composition,and medicinal properties and efficacy of traditional Chinese medicines(TCM)from latex-containing plants,so as to strengthen the theory of"identifying symptoms for qualities"and provide a reference for the development and utilization of the latex-containing plant resources.Method:Statistics on the meridians for properties and tastes,efficacy,medicinal parts,family and genus,and chemical components of TCM from latex-containing plants were carried out.A total of 53 TCM from latex-containing plants included in the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia were screened by mining the Chinese Botanical Journal,Chinese Materia Medica,Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicines,and related literature.In addition,their meridians for properties and tastes,medicinal parts,chemical components,and TCM classifications were summarized and statistically analyzed by using Excel 2013 and ChiPlot 2023.3.31 software.Result:It was found that latex-containing plants were mainly distributed in one kingdom,one phylum,two classes,and 20 families,and most of the TCM from latex-containing plants belonged to Dicotyledonaceae under Angiosperms.In terms of properties and tastes,plain>cold>warm>cool>hot and bitter>pungent>sweet>sour>salty.In terms of meridians,liver>lung>kidney>spleen=large intestine=stomach>heart>bladder=gallbladder=small intestines.In terms of medicinal parts,roots(root,rhizomes,tuberous root,and root bark)>resin>seed>whole herb(whole herb and above-ground part)>stem(stem and branch)>fruit>leaf>flower=skin.In terms of research on chemical components,they were mostly glycosides.In terms of TCM classification,they were mostly medicines for activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis.Conclusion:The TCM from latex-containing plants is mainly plain,with a uniform warm and cold distribution.The tastes are mainly bitter and pungent,and the major meridians are the liver and lung.The roots and resins are mainly used as medicines.The components mostly contain glycosides,alkaloids,and volatile oils,and most of them are medicines for activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis,as well as for removing heat and toxins.There is a certain degree of correlation among the growth habits,medicinal parts,chemical components,and the properties,tastes,and efficacy of the TCM from latex-containing plants.It may provide a reference for resource development and utilization of TCM from latex-containing plants.
作者
何江龙
纪宝玉
李盼盼
李秀清
吴婉阁
陈随清
董诚明
裴莉昕
HE Jianglong;JI Baoyu;LI Panpan;LI Xiuqing;WU Wange;CHEN Suiqing;DONG Chengming;PEI Lixin(School of Pharmacy,Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM),Zhengzhou 450046,China;Henan Provincial Herbal Ecological Planting Engineering Technology Research Center,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Henan Key Laboratory of Resource and Chemistry for Chinese Traditional Medicine,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao,Henan Province,Zhengzhou 450046,China)
出处
《中国实验方剂学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第10期124-132,共9页
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae
基金
河南省社会科学界联合会调研课题(SKL-2022-2780)
河南省中医药文化与整理研究项目(TCM2021040)
河南省中医药文化与管理研究项目(TCM2023025)。
关键词
乳汁植物
中药
入药部位
药性药效
性味归经
latex-containing plants
traditional Chinese medicines
medicinal parts
medicinal properties and efficacy
meridians for properties and tastes
作者简介
第一作者:何江龙,在读硕士,从事中药质量评价研究,E-mail:1929977160@qq.com;通信作者:裴莉昕,博士,副教授,从事中药质量评价研究,Tel:0371-86537650,E-mail:xlpxlp@aliyun.com;通信作者:纪宝玉,硕士,教授,从事中药资源及品质评价研究,Tel:0371-86535313,E-mail:584810680@qq.com。
