摘要
京张铁路是我国自主建设的首条干线铁路,其代表的铁路遗产廊道对区域社会发展和城市空间演变产生深远影响。目前针对铁路遗产价值类型学的定性研究较多,但从廊道视角展开的再生价值量化评价仍有待深入。将节点-场所理论结合铁路遗产的价值特征进行拓展,从节点、场所、联系3个维度构建铁路遗产廊道再生价值的评价指标体系和三维耦合模型。基于网络开源数据选取22项代表性指标,综合评估京张铁路(北京段)现存的15个站点与城市空间的互动关系,分析其再生价值的耦合协调程度与空间分异特征。结果表明:微观上,研究站点可划分为高平衡、低平衡和不平衡3类,高平衡类站点的耦合协调水平显著优于低平衡、不平衡类站点,是遗产廊道构建的关键节点;宏观上,研究区段可划分为“品质提升”和“基础建设”两个发展区,围绕2个一级核心节点、1个中转联动节点构建“2+1”的遗产廊道点轴空间格局。建立的铁路遗产廊道再生价值结构性评价模型能够反映节点的综合开发潜力,揭示遗产要素内在关联规律及潜在价值,为铁路遗产的跨区域整体性、适应性再利用提供价值支撑。
In recent years,the number of large-scale railway heritage sites in China has grown,and the revitalized use of railway heritage from a regional perspective to drive urban regeneration has become an essential issue for city development.Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway is the first trunk railway built by China independently,and its representative railway heritage corridor has caused profound impacts on regional social development and urban spatial evolution.Currently,extant studies on the value of railway heritage are mainly based on qualitative analysis,which is difficult to adapt to the complex urban environment of the railway heritage and restricts the transformation and presentation of heritage value.Hence,a deep quantitative evaluation on the value of railway heritage from the perspective of the corridor will contribute significantly to the literature.In this study,the node-place theory was extended by combining with value characteristics of railway heritage.An evaluation index system of the regeneration value of railway heritage corridors and a three-dimensional coupling model were constructed from the perspectives of Nodes,Place,and Linkage.Specifically,Nodes reflect the accessibility of station areas to traffic and are expressed by road network density combined with spatial syntax parameters.Place reflects the land use conditions of station areas and is expressed in terms of urban density and functional diversity.Linkage reflects the level of connection in the station area with internal functional spaces and external corridor nodes,and is expressed by Euclidean distance and travel time.The 22 representative indicators of regeneration value were quantified based on network open-source data.The coupling coordination degree and Moran index were calculated according to evaluation results.Later,interaction relations between 15 existing stations along the Beijing-Zhangjiakou railway(Beijing section)and urban space were evaluated comprehensively.Moreover,three-dimensional coupling degree and spatial differentiation characteristics of the regeneration values of these 15 stations were analyzed.Some major conclusions could be drawn as follows.(1)The chosen stations can be divided into three types:high-balanced type,low-balanced type,and imbalanced type.The coupling coordination degree of the high-balanced type is significantly lower than that of the low-balanced type and imbalanced type.The high-balanced stations are key nodes for construction of heritage corridors.(2)Regeneration values of the chosen stations cluster obviously,forming three types of clusters:H-H,L-L,and H-L.Stations to the south of Nankou Station mainly form H-H clusters,while stations to the north of Nankou Station mainly form L-L clusters.(3)The study area can be divided into two development zones,namely a"quality improvement"zone and an"infrastructure construction"zone.It is suggested that a"2+1"point axial spatial pattern of heritage corridors formed by two level-1 core nodes(Xizhimen Station and Sanbao Station)and one transit linkage node(Nankou Station)be formed.The node-place model dynamically illustrates the coupling relationship between transport stations and urban space.It provides not only directions to study the long-term harmonious development of railway heritage and urban space,but also adds a valuable new perspective to the construction of railway heritage corridors.The proposed model can reflect the comprehensive development potentials of nodes,disclose the inherent association patterns and potential value of railway heritage elements,and support the trans-regional global and adaptive reuse of railway heritage.Theoretically,these research conclusions can perfect paths and methods to evaluate the regeneration value of railway heritage.Practically,progress and shortages during the recent protective reuse of railway heritage in China are considered.This study is conducive to the revision and implementation of special railway heritage conservation policies and provides theoretical supports for the planning and design of railway heritage corridors.
作者
李辛夷
夏海山
LI Xinyi;XIA Haishan
出处
《南方建筑》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期40-51,共12页
South Architecture
基金
北京交通大学基本科研业务费人文社科专项基金项目(A22JBW700020):京津冀铁路遗产保护与再利用研究。
关键词
铁路遗产廊道
再生价值
节点-场所模型
耦合协调度
集聚特征
railway heritage corridor
regeneration value
node-place model
coupling coordination degree
agglomeration characteristics
作者简介
李辛夷,硕士研究生;通讯作者:夏海山,教授,电子邮箱:hshxia@bjtu.edu.cn。
