摘要
20世纪80年代以来,"记忆"成为历史书写中新的关键词,但围绕它的研究并未形成一套融贯的体系,而是表现出在内涵与研究方法上的含混。由于历史语境和社会思潮的变迁,历史-记忆关系长久地处于变动之中。集体记忆理论作为主要动力之一,推动并型塑当前的记忆研究。社会学家莫里斯·哈布瓦赫所提出的集体记忆理论将记忆社会化,并与历史书写形成对立,它构成了当前理解记忆的新基础。皮埃尔·诺拉在法国民族认同遭遇危机的背景下,以集体记忆为基础,尝试重新建构历史-记忆的一致性。在《记忆之场》实践中,集体记忆成了考察意识结构变迁的新范式,但集体记忆也不可避免地被政治化,成为建构共同体身份认同的概念工具。
Since the 1980 s,"memory"has become a new keyword in the writing of history.But memory study has not yet developed into a coherent discipline,and its significance and research methods appear to be ambiguous.Due to the changes of historical context and intellectual currents,the history-memory relationship is in a constant fluctuation.This essay is a study on the historiography,which aims to examine how the theory of collective memory has become one of the main motivations to advance and shape the study of contemporary memory.The theory of collective memory,which was developed by French sociologist Maurice Halbwachs,socializes memory,and makes it the opposite of historical writing.It constitutes the new foundation of current understanding of memory.While French national identity encountered crisis,Pierre Nora tried to reestablish the consistency between history and memory based on collective memory.In Nora’s Les Lieux de Memoire,collective memory is also used as the new paradigm in investigating the change of the collective consciousness structure.However,collective memory is inevitably politicalized,and becomes an ideological instrument for building community identity.
出处
《史学月刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第3期104-117,共14页
Journal of Historical Science
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目“叙事主义历史哲学认识论研究”(18BSS010)
作者简介
刘颖洁,清华大学人文学院历史系博士研究生。
