摘要
有别于大尺度空间视角,与游客行为密切相关的微观尺度因直观性及强应用性逐渐获得关注,左和右是微观尺度中游客最常用到的空间识别因素,但相关研究还需加强。文章以环状分布的广东湛江湖光岩景区为例,运用观察法和访谈法收集数据,采用编码方法分析游客景区游览方向的左右偏好特征。研究发现,游客选择右边(60.6%)游览多于左边(39.4%),景点分布、设施布置、导览交通规划和旅游氛围等自然环境组成拉力,主体意识、个人经验、条件反射和身体感受等身体因子构成推力,社会关系、社会环境等形成阻力,三者是影响左右偏好的因素。研究进一步指出,在认知、身体、情境三者交织的动态系统影响下的具身成长过程是游客景区游览方向偏好形成的深层机制。研究丰富了旅游者空间行为的整合性以及微观尺度视角,引入具身认知理论揭示了旅游者空间行为选择机制的基本结构,提出了旅游具身成长理论;建议景区空间规划与客流管理中应充分利用游客在空间上的具身实践规律,引导游客行为,优化景区合理布局与旅游流的调控功能,提升游客体验质量。
Unlike the large-scale spatial perspective, the micro-scale perspective closely related to tourist behavior has gained greater attention due to its intuitiveness and strong applicability. Left and right are the most commonly used factors in the spatial identification of tourists. However, research in this field needs to be intensified. Taking the Huguangyan scenic area in Zhanjiang, Guangdong province as the focus, this paper studies the spatial behavior of tourists when visiting scenic spots with attention to spatial preference and the impact mechanism of their behavior. The study collected data through non-participant observation and semi-structured interviews and analyzed the data based on the Constructing grounded theory by Kathy Charmaz. It found that 60.6% of tourists chose the right path while 39.4% preferred the left path. Most local tourists tended to visit from the right side, with a small number from the left side. As for the non-local tourists, there is not much difference between the number of people who would like to visit from the right side and those who choose the left side. The more frequently tourists travel, the more likely they choose a habitual direction. Tourists starting from the right usually keep their emotional ups and downs gradually under control as they move forward. For those who visit from the left side, the opposite is the case: they may experience emotional ups and downs as they move ahead. Tourists are often excited and full of interest and enthusiasm when they start the visit. Near the end of their visit, tourists suffering from aesthetic fatigue quickly become tired and experience a drop in physical strength and energy.Visitor direction preferences are affected by the three forces of push, pull and obstruction, with the body as the pushing force, the attractive factor as the object of physical behavior and social regulation and other people’s bodies as the limiting factors of individual direction choice. Individuals actively choose the most suitable direction according to their physical feelings and often move towards tourism attractions while considering other natural travel conditions. In addition, social relations also restrict an individual’s ability to choose autonomously. Individuals usually set their personal needs aside and choose a direction never before considered in order to fit in. In the push-pull-obstruction pattern, the body and the environment jointly affect the shaping of direction preference cognition. The direction selection behavior results from the interaction of the body, cognition and environment. That is precisely the main point of the embodied cognition theory. The paper further pointed out that the embodiment under the influence of the dynamic system with cognition, body and situation intertwined is the deep mechanism for forming direction preference when visiting scenic spots. The study enriches the integration of tourist spatial behavior and micro-scale perspective, introduces the theory of embodied cognition to reveal the basic structure of a spatial behavior selection mechanism and proposes the theory of tourism embodied growth. It suggests that the spatial planning and passenger flow management of scenic spots should make full use of tourist spatial embodied practice law to guide tourist behavior, optimize the layout of scenic spots, regulate tourist movements and flows, and improve tourist experience.
作者
周奇美
赖清清
ZHOU Qimei;LAI Qingqing(School of Management,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,China;School of Tourism Management,Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai 519082,China)
出处
《旅游学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第6期55-68,共14页
Tourism Tribune
关键词
游览方向偏好
具身认知
具身成长
微观尺度旅游空间行为
travel direction preferences
embodied cognition
embodiment
tourists’spatial behavior from the micro-scale perspective
作者简介
周奇美(1977-),女,湖南新化人,博士,讲师,研究方向为老年人旅游行为,E-mail:phoebezhouqimei@foxmail.com;赖清清(1998-),女,广东南雄人,硕士研究生,研究方向为旅游创业。
