摘要
为探究不同供镁水平对西洋参生长、营养元素吸收分配及品质的影响,并明确土壤中最适交换性镁含量。以三年生西洋参为研究对象,通过室内盆栽(土培)试验,设置8个供镁梯度(CK、Mg1~Mg7),生育期结束后对其生长指标、土壤及植株营养元素含量、根部皂苷含量进行测定。西洋参的地上部与地下部的营养元素的相关性分析中,镁-钙、镁-钾和镁-锰均呈显著负相关;随着供镁水平的提高,镁元素的生物吸收系数呈升高趋势,氮、钾、铁、锰元素整体表现出降低趋势;镁元素的生物转移系数呈降低趋势,氮、磷、钙、铁、锰均呈升高趋势。对皂苷含量进行主成分分析,综合得分排序为Mg4(2.537)、Mg2(1.001)、Mg3(0.600)、Mg1(0)、Mg7(-0.765)、CK(-0.825)、Mg6(-0.922)、Mg5(-1.663);PLS-PM分析中,交换性镁、pH与品质的相关系数分别为-0.748、-0.755,且达显著水平;西洋参的营养生理中存在镁-钙、镁-钾和镁-锰拮抗现象;过量施镁会导致西洋参的营养元素失衡,适合西洋参品质形成的土壤交换性镁质量分数为193.34~293.34 mg·kg^(-1);除交换性镁外,pH也是西洋参品质形成的重要土壤因子。
This study aims to investigate the effects of different magnesium supply levels on the growth,nutrient absorption and distribution,and quality of Panax quinquefolium,and to determine the optimum content of exchangeable magnesium in soil.Three-year-old plants of P.quinquefolium were used in this study,and eight magnesium supply gradients(CK,Mg1-Mg7)were designed for indoor pot experiment(cultivation in soil).The plant growth indexes,nutrient element content in soil and plant,and root saponin content were determined at the end of the growth period.The correlation analysis of nutrient element content in aboveground and underground parts of P.quinquefolium showed significantly negative correlations of magnesium-calcium,magnesium-potassium,and magne-sium-manganese.With the increase in magnesium supply level,the biological absorption coefficient of magnesium increased,while that of total nitrogen,potassium,iron,and manganese decreased;the biological transfer coefficient of magnesium decreased,while that of nitrogen,phosphorus,calcium,iron,and manganese increased.The saponin content was analyzed by principal component analysis,which showed the comprehensive score in the order of Mg4(2.537),Mg2(1.001),Mg3(0.600),Mg1(0),Mg7(-0.765),CK(-0.825),Mg6(-0.922),and Mg5(-1.663).The partial least squares-path modeling(PLS-PM)showed that the correlation coefficients of exchangeable magnesium and pH with quality were-0.748 and-0.755,respectively,which were significant.Magnesium-calcium,magnesium-potassium,and magnesium-manganese showed antagonism in the nutritional physiology of P.quinquefolium.Excessive application of magnesium can lead to the imbalance of nutrient elements in P.quinquefolium.The content of exchangeable magnesium in soil suitable for the quality formation of P.quinquefolium was 193.34-293.34 mg·kg^(-1).In addition to exchangeable magnesium,pH was also important to the quality formation of P.quinquefolium.Therefore,exchangeable magnesium and pH could be regarded as monitoring factors for the quality formation of P.quinquefolium.
作者
钱佳奇
孙海
阮音音
吴虎平
张亚玉
QIAN Jia-qi;SUN Hai;RUAN Yin-yin;WU Hu-ping;ZHANG Ya-yu(Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun 130112,China;Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Propagation of Chinese Medicinal Materials,Chengdu 610106,China;College of Food and Biological Engineering,Chengdu University,Changchun 130112,China)
出处
《中国中药杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第5期1205-1214,共10页
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica
基金
财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-21)
吉林省科技发展计划项目(20200708024YY)
中国农业科学院科技创新工程协同创新项目(CAAS-XTCX20190025-6)。
关键词
西洋参
供镁水平
营养元素
品质
Panax quinquefolium
magnesium supply level
nutrient elements
quality
作者简介
通信作者:张亚玉,研究员,研究方向为药用植物栽培,E-mail:zyy1966999@sina.com;钱佳奇,博士研究生,研究方向为药用植物栽培,E-mail:1336931186@qq.com。
