摘要
社会阶层是影响再分配偏向的重要因素。研究发现,与低阶层者相比,高阶层者再分配偏向更低。基于以往研究,提出高社会阶层者低再分配偏向的作用机制及干预模型。依据该模型,动机方面的经济自利与系统合理信念,认知方面的经济不平等感知、贫富差距归因与刻板印象,情感方面的同情心与地位焦虑是影响高阶层者再分配偏向的中介因素;培育谦卑心态、进行反刻板印象干预、利用不平等框架效应、提高同情心、改变阶层文化价值观有助于提升高阶层者的再分配偏向。未来研究可对高阶层者的慈善行为及部分低阶层者拒绝再分配的现象加以关注,深入考察和完善该模型的作用机制,探索提升高阶层者再分配偏向的策略。
Social class is an important factor that affects redistribution preference. Some studies have found that compared with the lower classes, the upper class has a lower redistribution preference. Based on previous studies, this review proposes a mechanism and intervention model of low redistribution preference among people of a higher social class. According to the model, economic self-interest and system-justifying beliefs in motivation;the perception of economic inequality;the attribution of the wealth gap;and stereotypes in cognition, empathy, and status anxiety in emotion are the mediating factors that affect the redistribution preference of the upper class. Cultivating the upper class’ s humility, employing counter stereotype interventions, take advantage of the inequality framing effect, enhancing compassion, and changing the cultural values of the upper class can help enhance the redistribution preference of the upper class. Future research should pay more attention to the charitable behavior of the upper class and the refusal of some lower classes to redistribute, further investigate and improve the mechanism of this model, and explore strategies to promote the redistribution preference of the upper class.
作者
曾昭携
白洁
郭永玉
张跃
顾玉婷
ZENG Zhaoxie;BAI Jie;GUO Yongyu;ZHANG Yue;GU Yuting(School of Psychology,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210097,China)
出处
《心理科学进展》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期1336-1349,共14页
Advances in Psychological Science
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(71971120)
国家社科基金重点项目(20AZD084)
南京师范大学人文社科重大项目培育(211061AP2101)资助。
关键词
社会阶层
再分配偏向
心理机制
社会公平
social class
redistribution preference
psychological mechanism
social justice
作者简介
通信作者:郭永玉,E-mail:yyguo@njnu.edu.cn。
