摘要
安全审查制度滥觞于各国投资自由化的实践之中,是保护国家安全的"最后一道防线"。在中国,《外商投资法》中的负面清单制度是吸引外国投资的主流经济政策,作为配套法律,《外商投资安全审查办法》确定了外商投资审查的审查范围、审查标准及程序,沿循了制度型开放的要求。但在全球经济的博弈与蜕变之中,以及在国外制度变革发展的新态势下,中国不断缩减的负面清单对安全审查制度供给与运行都提出了新的严峻挑战。本文基于这一新挑战进行探讨,并结合国外制度分析变革新态势及经验启示,提出在负面清单视域下,未来中国安审制度应实现如下三重制度优化完善以回应现实挑战:一是优化审查范围,审慎放宽外资的准入条件;二是优化审查标准,保证因循审查标准作出的判断推定具有合法性和明晰性;三是优化救济措施,加强安全审查中对外国投资者的保护。
The security review system,which is indiscriminately applied in the practice of investment liberalization in various countries,is the‘last line of defense’to protect national security.In China,the negative list system in the Foreign Investment Law of the People’s Republic of China is the mainstream economic policy to attract foreign investment,and as a supporting law,the Security Review Measures for Foreign Investment of the People’s Republic of China determines the scope of review,review criteria and procedures for foreign investment review,following the requirements of institutional openness.However,in the midst of the global economic game and metamorphosis,as well as the new development of foreign institutional change,China’s ever-reducing negative list poses new and serious challenges to the supply and operation of the security review system.Based on this new challenge,this paper discusses and analyzes the new trend of foreign system change and empirical revelation,and proposes that under the negative list,China’s future security review system should achieve the following triple system optimization and improvement to respond to the real challenges:first,optimize the scope of review,prudently relax the entry conditions of foreign investment;second,optimize the review criteria to ensure that the presumption of legitimacy and clarity of the judgment made by the review criteria;third,to optimize relief measures and strengthen the protection of foreign investors in security reviews.
作者
马晓鸥
龚勋
周文渊
Ma Xiaoou;Gong Xun;Zhou Wenyuan
出处
《宏观经济研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第12期159-167,共9页
Macroeconomics
基金
中国科协高端科技创新智库青年项目(DXB-ZKQN-2017-043)的资助。
关键词
安全审查
外商投资
现实挑战
因应策略
Security review
Foreign investment
Realistic challenge
Response strategy
