摘要
空心化问题严重制约农村可持续发展。分析农村空心化特点及其影响因素对深入了解农村人口迁移、探讨如何破解其空心化具有重要意义。目前研究更多的是以全国或某一特定村为研究对象,关于不同类型村落空心化的比较研究相对较少,尤其是具有地域特色的特定区域,如某些特定县市的农村人口迁移和空心化有何特点、空心化的动力机制等的探究尚有不足。本文以位于四川省凉山州会东县这一地形复杂多样、少数民族众多、地域特色突出且处于人口加速转移期的山区县为研究对象,基于村庄和农户的微观调研数据,利用多元线性回归分析,探讨其人口迁移特征及该区域农村人口空心化的现状,解析人口空心化的影响因素。结果表明:(1)会东县农村已出现一定程度的人口空心化,且不同类型村落人口空心化程度差异明显,受到地形特征的影响,人口空心化随着海拔升高而降低,河谷平坝型村落空心化程度最高,低山丘陵型和中山型村落空心化程度较低,人口空心化具有一定的垂直梯度性;(2)除了地形因素以外,村庄主要收入来源以及距县城的距离也对农村人口空心化有显著的影响。未来引导人口回流、提高其经济发展内生能力、提升农民人口素质是促进该区域乡村可持续发展和乡村振兴的关键。本研究关于凉山州会东县农村空心化分异特征及影响机制的解析,为进一步认识其他山区或少数民族区域的空心化问题提供了案例。
Population hollowing severely matters to the sustainable development of rural areas in China.A fine understanding of population migration in rural areas of China and determination of the characteristics and influencing factors of rural population hollowing is a prerequisite for alleviation of population hollowing.Past studies concerned more on population hollowing in typical villages of rural China,but little attention was paid to a comparison of population migration between villages,particularly the villages featured in distinct localized cultural circumstances.Restricted to complex mountain terrain,ethnic diversity,and localized cultural difference,Huidong county,a minority community,located in Liangshan prefecture,Sichuan province,China has been suffered considerable population emigration.In this study,it targeted Huidong county as a case study of rural population hollowing.Household survey and multiple linear regression were used to complete the investigation.Results conclude:(1)The population hollowing in Huidong county emerged to a certain extent and they exhibited spatial differences in types of villages.The differences in population hollowing were governed by topography.Villages in valleys or flat-dam had the most serious population hollowing,whereas villages in low-mountain and mid-mountain had the least revealing a pattern of vertical gradient of population hollowing.(2)Besides,main source of income for villages and the distance from a county town significantly impacted rural population hollowing.In order to promote sustainable development and implement revitalization in rural region,it has to by policy guide a return population migration in rural areas in China.And promotion of endogenous capacity of economic development and the skills of the farmer also should be politically aware.
作者
舒丽琼
刘颖
唐晨珂
SHU Liqiong;LIU Yin;TANG Chenke(The Faculty Geography Resources Science,Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu 610066,China;Key Laboratory of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu 610066, China)
出处
《山地学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第6期901-911,共11页
Mountain Research
基金
国家自然科学基金(41801140)。
关键词
人口空心化测度
影响因素
垂直梯度性
会东县
人口迁移
population hollowing measurement
influencing factors
vertical gradient
Huidong county
population migration
作者简介
舒丽琼(1996-),女,四川广元人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:人口回流,E-mail:slq2251455660@126.com;通讯作者:刘颖(1986-),女,博士,副教授,主要研究方向:人口流动与乡村可持续发展,E-mail:liuying@imde.ac.cn。
