预防性环境行政公益诉讼的理论基础与制度展开被引量：42

The Theoretical Basis and System Deployment of Preventive Environmental Administrative Public Interest Litigation

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摘要预防性环境行政公益诉讼的确立需要从行政权和司法权的关系入手,合理定位其督促与补充功能,厘清行政机关、检察机关在环境风险规制中的优劣,实现环境行政权和环境司法权的良性互动。我国的预防性环境公益诉讼制度具有"单轨制"特点,这使民事、行政环境公益诉讼制度功能出现错位,也导致司法实践中环境行政公益诉讼存在以"损害"之名进行风险规制的尴尬。为协调行政权和司法权的关系,防范司法权的任意扩张,需要明确预防性环境行政公益诉讼的适用范围和启动条件,按照"司法解释、单行法、综合法"的路径逐步确立。此外,还需要对诉前程序和预防措施等具体规则进行调整与完善。 The establishment of preventive environmental administrative public interest litigation needs to start with the relationship between administrative power and judicial power,rationally position its supervisory and supplementary functions,clarify the advantages and disadvantages of administrative agencies and procuratorial agencies in environmental risk regulation,and realize the positive interaction between environmental administrative power and environmental judicial power.China’s Preventive environmental public interest litigation system has the characteristics of a"monorail system",which not only makes the functions of civil and administrative environmental public interest litigation system misaligned,but also leads to the embarrassment of risk regulation in the name of"damage"in above litigation in judicial practice.It is of necessity to clarify the application scope and starting standards of preventive environmental administrative public interest litigation and gradually establish preventive administration public interest litigation system following the path of"judicial interpretation,separate law,and comprehensive law"so as to coordinate the relationship between administrative power and judicial power and prevent arbitrary expansion of judicial power.In addition,specific rules such as pre-litigation procedures,and preventive measures need to be adjusted and improved.

作者张百灵 ZHANG Bai-ling(Law School of Shandong Normal University,Jinan 250358)

机构地区山东师范大学法学院

出处《行政法学研究》 CSSCI 北大核心 2021年第6期56-67,共12页 ADMINISTRATIVE LAW REVIEW

基金国家社科基金一般项目“自然生态空间用途管制法律问题研究”(项目编号:19BFX192)的阶段性成果。

关键词预防性环境行政公益诉讼环境风险国家利益和社会公共利益 Preventive Environmental Administrative Public Interest Litigation Environmental Risk State Interest and Public Interest

分类号 D925.3 [政治法律—诉讼法学]

作者简介张百灵,山东师范大学法学院副教授。