摘要
为探明玉米-白首乌间作对玉米和白首乌的生长及其产量品质的影响,通过玉米-白首乌间作、玉米单作和白首乌单作3类种植模式,调查玉米和白首乌的病害发生及产量等性状变化。结果发现,玉米-白首乌间作处理较单作处理,玉米的锈病病情指数分别降低了10.22、12.88,小斑病病情指数分别降低了5.97、5.10,大斑病病情指数分别降低了1.87、2.82;白首乌的霜霉病发病率分别降低了14.2%、14.7%,褐斑病的发病率分别降低了15.2%、15.6%,其黄酮含量(质量分数,下同)分别提高了8.42%、6.58%,多酚含量分别提高了15.87%、13.97%,甾体总苷含量分别提高了10.07%、9.45%,且块根产量分别增加14.5%、13.8%。结果表明,玉米间作白首乌栽培模式能有效改善原来叶片的分布位置,通过提高叶面积指数来增加光能利用率,通风透光有利于降低病害发生,进而提升玉米和白首乌的综合产量与品质。
To explore the effects of intercropping maize and Cynanchum bungei their growth,yield and quality,three planting patterns,namely,maize and Cynanchum bungei intercropping,maize monocropping,and Cynanchum bungei monocropping,were compared with respect to disease occurrence and yields of maize and Cynanchum bungei.The intercropping system consisted of two treatments:treatment 1 had the plant and row distances of 40 and 80 cm,respectively;treatment 2 had the plant and row distances of 50 and 90 cm,respectively.Compared with maize monocropping,the intercropping treatments 1and 2 reduced disease index in rust disease by 10.22%and 12.88%,respectively;that in small spot disease by 5.97%and 5.1%,respectively;that in large spot disease by 1.87%and 2.82%,respectively.Compared with Cynanchum bungei monocropping system,the incidence of downy mildew and brown spot on Cynanchum bungei decreased by 14.2%and 14.7%,respectively,in treatment 1;and fell by 15.2%and 15.6%,respectively,in treatment 2.Moreover,relative to Cynanchum bungei monocropping system,the treatments 1 and 2 had increases in the contents of flavonoids by 8.42%and 6.58%,respectively;in polyphenols by 15.87%and 13.97%,respectively;in steroid by 10.07%and 9.45%,respectively,and in tuber yield by 14.5%and 13.8%,respectively.The results showed that relative to the monocropping systems,intercropping maize and Cynanchum bungei effectively improved leaf spacial distribution pattern,increased the utilization rate of light energy by increasing leaf area index,reduced disease occurrence with better ventilation and light transmission,which collectively led to higher comprehensive yield and quality of maize and Cynanchum bungei.
作者
沈明晨
陈镭
李春阳
张明
吴承东
SHEN Ming-chen;CHEN Lei;LI Chun-yang;ZHANG Ming;WU Chen-dong(Test station of Jiangsu Xinyang,Yancheng 224049,China;Institute of Agricultural Products Processing,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China)
出处
《大麦与谷类科学》
2021年第5期52-56,共5页
Barley and Cereal Sciences
基金
江苏省农业科技自主创新资金[CX(20)2006]。
关键词
玉米
白首乌
间作
病害发生
产量品质
Maize
Cynanchum bungei
Intercropping
Disease occurrence
Yield and quality
作者简介
沈明晨(1993—),女,硕士,研究实习员,主要从事特粮特经作物栽培研究。E-mail:1285130620@qq.com;通信作者:吴承东(1970—),男,助理研究员,主要从事特粮特经作物栽培研究。E-mail:1484904139@qq.com。
