数字化时代刑法占有理论的应然转向:从封闭的一元论到开放的二元论被引量：7

From Closed Monism to Open Dualism:Necessary Shift of Possession Theory in Criminal Law in Digitalization Era

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摘要立足一元论立场的现有刑法占有理论无法为各类刑法占有难题提供妥当的解释,“重概念、轻标准”的研究方向亦无法适应以央行数字货币为代表的财产体系变革之需要。刑法占有实际上并非纯粹的事实性概念或规范性概念,事实要素与规范要素是二元并重的正相关关系,两者均具有开放属性。在数字化时代,刑法占有理论应当转向开放的二元占有论,这不仅符合占有概念的核心构造和量差关系原理,更能强化经济效益、提高占有理论的时代适应性。开放的二元占有论以内外双重视角构建了占有判断的一般规则。当央行数字货币、银行存款及网络支付账户余额能被数字化控制手段现实支配时,占有成立;数字化财产的占有归属以规范限制为准,能够以平台协议或私人协议排除他人控制财产可能的一方才是真正的占有人。 Based on monism,the existing possession theory in criminal law cannot provide suitable interpretation for various dilemmas concerning possession in criminal law;the research direction of“attaching much importance to concepts but little to standards”cannot meet the needs of changes of property system represented by digital currency electronic payment of the People's Bank of China.Possession in criminal law is actually not sole concepts of factuality or norms;factual elements and standard elements form positive correlation relationship with same importance,and both have the nature of openness.In digitalization era,possession theory in criminal law should shift to open dualism.This not only conforms to the core construction and gradient relationship principle of possession concept,but also strengthens economic benefits and enhances the time adaptability of possession theory.By attaching importance to both the internal and external,the open dualism constructs general rules for possession judgment.Possession is tenable only if digital currency electronic payment of the People's Bank of China,bank deposits and remaining sum in internet payment accounts can be actually controlled by digitalized control means.The possession jurisdiction of digitalized property should be based on standard restriction;and the real possessors are those who can exclude others from possible possession of property in terms of platform contracts or personal contracts.

作者史雯 Shi Wen(School of Law,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,China)

机构地区东南大学法学院网络安全法治研究中心

出处《西北民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》 CSSCI 北大核心 2021年第4期111-122,共12页 Journal of Northwest Minzu University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基金最高人民法院2020年度司法研究重大课题“信息网络犯罪司法适用疑难问题研究”(项目编号:ZGFYZDKT202008-04)。

关键词刑法占有事实与规范一元论二元论央行数字货币 possession in criminal law facts and norms monism dualism digital currency electronic payment of the People's Bank of China

分类号 D920.4 [政治法律—法学]

作者简介史雯,女,博士研究生,东南大学法学院网络安全法治研究中心特约研究人员,主要从事刑法学研究。