摘要
"打工人"的话题唤起了各行各业劳动者的共鸣,对此有必要进行反思。本文以一群职校生的经历为例,探讨了"打工人"所面临的教育和劳动困境。研究发现,职业学校的教育日常重管理而轻技能,职校教师和家长对职校生的管理性要求大于知识性要求,教育期望较低,弱化的技能教育导致职校生的技能学习大多处于"皮毛"式的水平。观察制造业的劳动过程,现代工业劳动存在去技能化的趋势,自动化技术愈发展,对工人的技能要求就愈低。受此影响,职校生的工作岗位普遍技能含量不高,职校生渴望学习技术却学不到技术。分析学校教育与去技能化的关联表明,由于技术工人劳动被降级为简单劳动,工业企业更重视劳动者驯服的个性品质,技能教育的价值因此被削弱,职业学校的教育过程更加重视规训和管理而偏离实质内容,由此导致职业学校教育内容的空洞和教育生态的恶化。
The topic of workers aroused the resonance of working people from all walks of life. Taking the experience of a group of vocational school students as an example,this study discusses the education and labor dilemmas faced by workers. Findings show that the daily education of vocational schools emphasizes management rather than skills. Teachers and parents have greater management requirements for vocational school students than knowledge requirements,and their educational expectations are lower. The weakening of skills education has led to the low level of skill learning of vocational school students. Observing the labor process in the manufacturing industry,there is a trend of de-skilling. The more automation technology develops,the lower the skill requirements for workers.Affected by this,most of the job positions for vocational school students have low skill requirements,and they are eager to learn technology but cannot achieve it. Analysis of the relationship between school education and de-skilling shows that as the labor of skilled workers is downgraded to a simple level,industrial enterprises will place more emphasis on the personality of obedience. The value of skills education is therefore weakened. The education process of vocational schools pays more attention to discipline and deviates from the essence of education. This leads to the hollowness of vocational school education content and the deterioration of education ecology.
作者
杜连森
DU Liansen(School of Educational Science,Jiangsu Normal University,Xuzhou 221116)
出处
《南京师大学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第3期122-130,共9页
Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Social Science Edition)
基金
江苏高校哲学社会科学研究重大项目“共享经济背景下职业教育与新蓝领阶层形成的关系及机制研究”(2020SJZDA111)的研究成果。
关键词
“打工人”
去技能化
工业劳动
职校生
workers
de-skilling
industrial labor
vocational school students
作者简介
杜连森,教育学博士,江苏师范大学教育科学学院讲师,徐州221116。
