摘要
不同于一般的农地制度创新,沿海农村的土地制度变迁属于集体经营性建设用地的范畴,其核心是土地开发权的界定问题。乡村工业化既推动了土地开发权从国家向集体转移,也影响了这一权利的配置方向。本文研究发现,不同乡村工业化模式形塑出不同的土地制度,珠三角的外资充裕型、苏南的外资竞争型、浙江的内生资本稀缺型工业化模式,分别产生了保护股民利益的土地共有制,强调政府统筹能力的土地集体所有制与有利内生资本积累的“公有私占”的土地制度类型,三者都在一定程度上推动了区域性工业生产要素的优化配置。这表明,评价土地制度的绩效,必须着重考虑具体的工业化模式。当前,中国正处于全球资本竞争与产业升级的重要时期,仍然需要发挥土地集体所有制统筹土地开发权的优势,为建立服务于工业发展的高水平公共服务体系提供保障,同时,也应当加强土地的再分配功能,保护农民共享经济发展成果的权利,提高土地集体所有制的制度合法性。
Different from the general agricultural land system innovation,the change of land system in coastal areas in rural China refers to the dimension of collective construction land,the core of which is the definition of land development right.Rural industrialization not only promoted the transfer of land development right from the state to the collective,but also affected the allocation direction of this right.This study finds that different patterns of rural industrialization have shaped different land systems.The pattern of industrialization with abundant foreign capital in Pearl River Delta,that with competitive foreign capital in Southern Jiangsu and that with scarce endogenous capital in Zhejiang have all produced the common ownership of land to protect the interests of shareholders,emphasizing the collective ownership of land to ensure the overall planning capacity of the government and the land system of“public ownership and private possession”.All of them promoted the optimal allocation of regional industrial production factors to a certain extent.This shows that the evaluation of the performance of the land system must focus on specific industrialization patterns.At present,China is in an important period of global capital competition and industrial upgrading.It is still necessary to give full play to the advantages of collective ownership of land in coordinating the development of non-agricultural land,so as to provide guarantee for the establishment of a high-level public service system for industrial development.At the same time,the redistribution of land should be emphasized to protect farmers’interests so as to improve the institutional legitimacy of collective ownership of land.
出处
《中国农村经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第4期101-123,共23页
Chinese Rural Economy
关键词
工业化模式
土地制度变迁
集体经营性建设用地
土地开发权
土地集体所有制
Industrialization Mode
Land System Change
Collective Construction Land
Land Development Right
Collective Ownership of Land
