摘要
目的基于个体汞柱式血压值和转换电子血压值,描述2010—2012年中国18岁及以上成年居民的高血压患病率现况。方法数据来自2010—2012年中国居民营养与健康状况监测,采用多阶段分层与人口成比例的整群随机抽样方法,调查对象为中国内地31个省(自治区、直辖市)150个调查县(区)18岁及以上成人120 428名。血压测量采用标准汞柱式血压计,每名调查对象测量3次,取平均值;利用专项研究得到的公式转换成电子血压值。高血压定义为个体的收缩压≥140 mmHg和/或舒张压≥90 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 k Pa),或近两周内服用降压药物。结果采用2009年国家统计局人口数据,经过复杂抽样加权处理。结果经加权调整后,由汞柱式血压值得到中国18岁及以上成年人的高血压患病率为22.8%(95%CI 21.3%~24.3%),其中男性为24.1%(95%CI 22.3%~26.0%),女性为21.4%(95%CI 20.0%~22.9%);18~44岁、45~59岁和60岁及以上人群高血压患病率分别为9.7%(95%CI 8.6%~10.9%)、32.7%(95%CI 30.8%~34.5%)和52.6%(95%CI 51.0%~54.3%);城市为24.5%(95%CI 22.4%~26.7%),农村为21.1%(95%CI 19.0%~23.2%)。转换成电子血压值得到中国18岁及以上成年人的高血压患病率为25.2%(95%CI 23.6%~26.7%),其中男性26.2%(95%CI24.4%~27.9%),女性24.1%(95%CI 22.6%~25.6%);18~44岁、45~59岁和60岁及以上人群高血压患病率分别为10.6%(95%CI 9.4%~11.8%)、35.7%(95%CI 34.0%~37.5%)和58.9%(95%CI 57.0%~60.7%);城市26.8%(95%CI24.7%~28.8%),农村23.5%(95%CI 21.2%~25.8%)。结论 2010—2012年中国成人高血压患病率依然攀升。基于实测汞柱血压值的高血压患病率低于转换成电子血压值后的高血压患病率。两种血压值得到的结果均呈现男性高于女性的相似特征,并随年龄增加而显著增高,大城市、中小城市、普通农村、贫困农村四类地区的高血压患病率依次递减。
Objective To describe the age-standardized prevalence of hypertension based on the value from mercury sphygmomanometer and converted electronic sphygmomanometer among adults 18 years old and over in China 2010-2012. Methods Data was from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012. The total number was 120 428 which selected through the method of multi-stage stratified cluster randomization sampling and probability proportion to size（ PPS）. The study objects were adults aged 18 and over in 31 Provinces and 150 sites in China Mainland. There were four categories areas： large cities,medium and small cities,general rural areas and poor rural areas. An average of blood pressure value was calculated though three systolic and diastolic blood pressure readings taken by mercury sphygmomanometer. The value of converted electronic sphygmomanometer was from a survey. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg and/or use of antihypertensive drug in the past two weeks. Age-standardized result were calculated incorporating a complex sample weighting using the population data from the National Bureau of Statistics in 2009. Results The overall adjusted prevalence of hypertension based on the value of mercury sphygmomanometer among Chinese adults aged18 and over was 22. 8%（ 95% CI 21. 3%-24. 3%） in 2011-2012. It was 24. 1%（ 95%CI 22. 3%-26. 0%） in men and 21. 4%（ 95% CI 20. 0%-22. 9%） in women. It showed 9. 7%（ 95% CI 8. 6%-10. 9%）,32. 7%（ 95% CI 30. 8%-34. 5%） and52. 6%（ 95% CI 51. 0%-54. 3%） in 18-44,45-59 and 60 ＋ age groups.Hypertension was 24. 5%（ 95% CI 22. 4%-26. 7%） in urban and 21. 1%（ 95% CI19. 0%-23. 2%） in rural. The prevalence of hypertension based on the value of converted electronic device was 25. 2%（ 95% CI 23. 6%-26. 7%）. It was 26. 2%（ 95%CI 24. 4%-27. 9%） in men and 24. 1%（ 95% CI 22. 6%-25. 6%） in women. 10. 6%（ 95% CI 9. 4%-11. 8%）,35. 7%（ 95% CI 34. 0%-37. 5%） and 58. 9%（ 95% CI57. 0%-60. 7%） was found in 18-44,45-59 and 60 ＋ age groups. Prevalent hypertension was 26. 8%（ 95% CI 24. 7%-28. 8%） in urban and 23. 5%（ 95% CI21. 2%-25. 8%） in rural area. Conclusion Prevalence of hypertension among the adults in China is increasing. The prevalence of hypertension from mercury sphygmomanometer is lower than that of converted electronic value. Both kinds of value have similar characteristics. More men than women have a hypertension. There is a higher prevalence as growth of age. There is a decreasing prevalence of hypertension in large cities,medium and small cities,general rural areas and poor rural areas.
作者
赵丽云
于冬梅
付萍
于文涛
郭海军
杨晓光
Zhao Liyun;Yu Dongmei;Fu Ping;Yu Wentao;Guo Haijun;Yang Xiaoguang(National Institute for Nutrition and Food Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China)
出处
《卫生研究》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第1期7-12,共6页
Journal of Hygiene Research
基金
国家卫生计生委疾控局医改重大专项[中国居民营养与健康状况监测(2010-2013年)
关键词
高血压
成人
血压
hypertension, adult, blood pressure
作者简介
赵丽云，女，硕士，研究员，研究方向：营养与健康流行病学，E—mail：liyun1964@vip．sina．com;通信作者：杨晓光，男，博士，研究员，研究方向：营养与食品卫生学，E—mail：xgyangcdc@vip．sina．com
