摘要
宪制指有关国家构成的基本制度安排及国家权力运作的基本规则,是在解决"宪制问题"的政治实践中逐步生成的,只要有国家,就必然会有宪制。宪制的载体并不局限于法典,而包括了法令、宪章、条例、习惯,协定、特许状、教经、礼等多种形式。宪制不等同于宪法,宪法是立宪主义的宪制,宪法不是宪制的唯一形态,甚至未必是宪制的主要形态。宪制有其特殊性,不同国家有不同的"宪制问题",相应而生的宪制各不相同,但各国宪制之间也有某些共通之处。秩序是自由的前提,必要和稳定的政治秩序对人类文明的进步及个人生活的幸福至关重要。秩序是古今中外思想家的共同诉求,也是古今中外宪制必然及共同的取向,宪制的首要功能在于构建、维系一种政治秩序。以自由为导向的立宪运动潜在具有解构政治秩序的效应,因此,政治秩序是立宪运动中人们应当尤其珍惜的存在,也是立宪主义的宪制首先应当达成的目标。
Key-systems are the basic systems about constituting a country and basic rules of power operation,which emerge little by little in the process of solving Key-problems of a country; every country has its Key-systems. Key-systems appear as codes,legislations,customs,agreements,charters,religious texts,ceremony,etc..Key-systems do not equate to constitutional law,constitutional law is Key-systems of constitutionalism,and it is not the only,chief morphology of Key-systems. There are different Key-problems in different countries,so Keysystems are different in different countries,but Key-systems in different countries are interlinked to some extent. Order is the precondition of freedom,political order is essential to civilization progress and personal happiness. Order is common proposal of thinkers,and is common spirit of Key-systems in history; the first function of Key-systems must be constructing and keeping a political order. Constitutional movement does harm to political order potentially,therefore,political order must be cherished extra,and Key-systems of constitutionalism must also construct and keep a political order.
出处
《河南财经政法大学学报》
2016年第2期27-38,共12页
Journal of Henan University of Economics and Law
基金
本人主持的国家社科基金项目"法治视角下传统中国隐性腐败治理研究"(15BFX017)
江西省"十二五"社会科学规划青年项目"人情社会下唐代请托的法律治理研究"(13FX18)
2015年江西省中国特色社会主义理论专项课题"法治中国:习近平总书记关于全面依法治国思想研究"的阶段性成果
关键词
宪制
宪制问题
宪法
立宪主义
政治秩序
Key-systems
Key-problems
constitutional law
constitutionalism
political order
作者简介
谢红星（1978-），男，江西于都人，江西财经大学法学院副教授，法学博士。
