摘要
战国时代,面对'乱莫大于无天子'的社会现实,法家思想的重心在于加强君权,以实现其治安天下的政治理想。但约束君权的设计也是法家理论的应有之义。'以法卫君、君亦需守法',成文法的本身就是对君主专横和恣意空间的限制。'君道无为'要求君主不任私智私欲,不干涉法律的实施。后世儒学意识形态增强了君道无为的约束力量,使之成为保障君主守法的一道有效机制;将法律奉为国之公器,又是对君主立法权的约束;虽然法自君出,但法律的内容必须遵循客观的标准和普遍的共识。法家所倡导的'君主守法、君道无为和法为国之公器'的定位相互结合,并与儒家相关理念息息相通,共同造就了传统中国约束君权的独特路径。
In the Warring States period,faced with the social reality of'no chaos is greater than no emperor',the focus of legalist thought is to strengthen monarchical power so as to realize its political ideal of governing the whole world.But the design of binding the monarchical power is also an essential part of legalist theory.While the law defends the monarch,the monarch also needs to abide by the law.The statute itself is the restriction on the tyranny and arbitrary space of the monarch.The inaction of politics requires the monarchy to control his selfish desire and private intelligence,and does not interfere in the implementation of the law;the Confucian ideology of later generations strengthened the constraint force of the inaction politics,and made it became an effective mechanism to force the monarchy to abide by the law.To regard law as a public instrument of the state is a restriction to the legislative power of the monarch.Although the law is enacted by the monarch,the content of the law must follow the objective standard and common consensus.The monarch’s behavior and manners need to conform to the principle of'world for the public'and'governing by morality'.The monarchy’s law-abiding,the inaction of the king and the law as the public instrument of the state cooperate with each other are closely linked with the Confucian thought,which together bring up the unique path of the traditional Chinese restraint of the monarchy.
出处
《北方法学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第5期140-149,共10页
Northern Legal Science
关键词
法家
约束君权
儒法合一
the legalists
restraint of monarchy
integration of Confucianism and legalism
作者简介
潘传表,上海大学法学院副教授,法学博士。
