摘要
从 18世纪初到 19世纪中叶 ,中西交往的语言基础是被称为“广州英语”的一种变种英语。它起源于出现时间更早的澳门葡语 ,由广州口岸从事中西经济文化交往的人群所发明。它主要以口语的形式存在 ,在发音、造句等方面深受汉语、广州方言和澳门葡语的影响 ,与正宗的英语相距甚远。 19世纪 30年代后 ,出现了若干种用作教材和词典的广州英语词汇书的刻本 ,标志着中西交往持续发展背景下广州英语应用范围的扩大。广州英语在一个多世纪的中西关系中扮演了重要角色 ,充当了“中国人与外国人之间的共同语言”。 19世纪 6 0年代后 ,因广州在中西关系中的地位下降 ,上海成为新的贸易中心 ,广州英语的地位亦被洋泾浜英语所取代。由于此类变种的英语具有明显的局限性 ,中国人在 19世纪前期就开始了寻求正确的英语知识的努力。
From the early 18th to the mid 19th century, the linguistic base of Sino Western intercourse was a variety of English called “pidgin English”. It originated from a variety of Portuguese spoken earlier at Macao. Pidgin English was created by the people who were engaged in Sino Western trade and cultural intercourse in the port of Guangzhou. It was used mainly as a spoken language, and diverged widely from standard English, being deeply influenced by Mandarin, Guangzhou dialect, and the earlier Portuguese pidgin of Macao. From the 1830's, various pidgin English vocabularies appeared, which were used as textbooks and dictionaries. This marks the spread of pidgin English against the background of the steady development of Sino Western intercourse. For over a century, Guangzhou's pidgin English played a historical role as “the common language between Chinese and foreigners”. After the 1860's, it was replaced by another pidgin English spoken at Shanghai, due to the fact that Shanghai replaced Guangzhou as the center of foreign trade. Because of the obvious limitations of pidgin English, the Chinese began to pursue knowledge of correct English in the first half of the 19th century.
出处
《近代史研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2001年第3期172-202,共31页
Modern Chinese History Studies
