摘要
改革开放四十年来,对外汉语教学学科建设取得了巨大的成就。本文穷尽翻检了《语言教学与研究》(1979—2018)、《世界汉语教学》(1987—2018)和第一至十二届《国际汉语教学讨论会论文选》(1986—2017)1中所有有关学科理论研究的文献。概括和分析表明,学科建设的成就与发展趋势是:学科地位渐显化,学科研究精细化,学科体系国际化,教学理论模式化,教材教法多元化;学科发展中存在的主要问题是:学科与事业发展不够协调,主体学科与支撑学科发展不够平衡,学科建设的责任者不够明确,学科建设的发展方向不够清晰。文章结合历史和现实并着眼于未来,提出和讨论了学科建设顶层设计的几个问题:地位自信与学科建设,道路自信和自主创新,理论自信与中国方案。主张在汉语国际化过程中,不仅非学历为主的对外汉语教学不能缺席,而且应更加坚定对学科地位和作用的自信,坚定适合汉语汉字特点及教学规律的道路自信和理论自信,为对外汉语教学理论与实践提供更多的中国方案。
In the past 40 years of reform and opening-up,the discipline construction of teaching Chinese as a foreign language has made great achievements.This paper makes an exhaustive literature review of the research of discipline construction in Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies(1979—2018),World Chinese Teaching(1987—2018)and the Selections of the Symposium on International Chinese Teaching(1986—2017).The summary and analysis show that the achievements and trends of the discipline construction are:1)the status of the discipline is becoming more and more obvious,2)the discipline research is refined,3)the discipline systemis internationalized,4)the teaching theory is modeled,and 5)the teaching materials and methods are diversified.The main problems in the development of the discipline are:1)the development of the discipline and that of the cause are not coordinated enough,2)the development of the main discipline and that of the supporting disciplines are not well-balanced,3)the subjects of the discipline construction are not clear enough,and 4)the direction of development is not made clear.Combining history and reality with a view to the future,this paper puts forward and discusses several problems in the top-level design of discipline construction:1)status selfconfidence and discipline construction,2)road self-confidence and independent innovation,3)theoretical self-confidence and China’s solution.In the process of internationalization of Chinese,the non-degree teaching of Chinese as a foreign language should not be absent;on the contrary,it should be more confident in the status and role of the discipline,and firmly hold the selfconfidence in the path and theory that are suitable for the characteristics and teaching rules of Chinese language and Chinese characters,so as to provide more Chinese solutions for the theory and practice of international Chinese teaching.
出处
《国际汉语教育（中英文）》
2018年第4期3-17,共15页
International Chinese Language Education
基金
中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)项目(13XNJ041)成果之一.
关键词
对外汉语教学
学科建设
学科地位
学科发展规划
teaching Chinese as a foreign language
discipline construction
discipline status
discipline development plan
作者简介
李泉,中国人民大学文学院教授,主要研究方向为汉语语法、国际汉语教学理论与教材教法。
