摘要
研究表明,家庭、学校和社会是影响校园欺凌的主要因素,其中家庭因素对孩子的影响最为深远。然而目前学校作为校园欺凌事件的主要发生地,理所当然地被视为治理校园欺凌的第一责任主体,父母责任被忽略。家庭教育职能弱化、父母责任认识偏差、父母管教不力与法律责任虚置等成为防治校园欺凌的制约因素。父母责任属于亲子关系法律范畴,经历了家父权威—父权—父母权利—父母责任的发展脉络,我国现有法律体系已对父母责任做出直接或间接规定,为校园欺凌父母责任的立法奠定了正当的法理基础和规范基础。随着《中华人民共和国家庭教育促进法》出台,父母责任从传统伦理责任向法定责任转变。基于此,我国有必要对父母反欺凌责任进行法律规制,同时对父母管教手段设定必要限制,平衡国家亲权与父母责任,从而保障未成年人合法权益。
Research shows that family,school and society are the main factors influencing school bullying,with family factors having the most profound impact on children.However,schools,as the main place of school bullying incidents,are regarded as the primary responsibility subject of school bullying governance in practice.The existing legal system in China ignores the responsibility of parents to discipline minors'school bullying behavior.The weakening of family education function,the deviation of parental responsibility,and the false punishment for parents'violation of discipline duty have become the restricting factors of preventing and treating school bullying.Parental responsibility belong to the category of parent-child relationship law,which has experienced the development from the“my father authority”,“patriarchal”,“parental right”to“parental responsibility”.Our existing legal system has made direct or indirect provisions on parental responsibility.All these have laid a legitimate legal and normative foundation for the legislation of parental responsibility in school bullying.With the introduction of Family Education Promotion Law,parental responsibility has changed from traditional ethical responsibility to legal responsibility.Based on this,it is necessary for China to legally regulate the anti-bullying duty of parents and the responsibility of parents who are negligent in flflling the anti-bullying duty.At the same time,it is necessary to set restrictions on parental discipline means to balance parental right and parental responsibility,so as to protect the legitimate rights and interests of minors.
出处
《中国教育法制评论》
2022年第2期165-175,共11页
Chinese Educational Law Review
基金
2017年教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金“中小学校园欺凌治理的国际借鉴与本土探索”(17YJC880107)的研究成果
关键词
校园欺凌
家庭教育
父母责任
未成年人权益
school bullying
family education
parental responsibility
rights and interests of minors
作者简介
文慧,博士,陕西师范大学教师干部培训学院助理研究员,研究方向为教育政策与法律。
