摘要
协同育人已成为高校思想政治教育新趋向。在中华民族共同体教育理论自洽性严重不足的情况下,应积极寻找其与思想政治教育的逻辑关联点,构建高校中华民族共同体教育的实践路径与机制。当前由于主客观影响,协同育人还存在着教育资源分散化、教育内容同质化、教育功能割裂化等"巴尔干化"现象,并深刻影响高校中华民族共同体教育,导致难以实现预期的育人效果。高校开展中华民族共同体教育要充分认识其与大学生思想政治教育的内在关联性,深化协同育人新思维,加强彼此协同与融通。要强化育人资源整合和课程建设,汇聚中华民族共同体教育主体合力。强化协同育人有效机制建设,推进中华民族共同体教育常态化开展。
Forging a sense of community for the Chinese nation is the main line of ethnic work in the New Era,and it is also an important principle that must be followed in all other work.Shaping the sense of community for the Chinese nation is a process in which both original and constructive factors work together.In addition to relying on inherent factors such as common blood relationships,language,history and culture,constructive factors such as institutional empowerment,shared values,cultural acculturation as well as systematic education and guidance also play a unique and important role.In 2018,the document on"Comprehensively,Thoroughly and Persistently Developing the Work for Ethnic Unity and Progress,Consolidating the Sense of Community for the Chinese Nation"explicitly asked for strengthening education on the sense of Community for the Chinese nation and guided the people of all ethnic groups to constantly strengthen the"five identities".Education on the sense of community for the Chinese nation has become an important medium for consolidating the sense of community for the Chinese nation.How to construct the education system on community for the Chinese nation with a consistency of theory and perfect content and how to make it systematic and scientific has become an important subject in theory and practice.In recent years,the study of the sense of community for the Chinese nation has bev come a hot topic in many disciplines.However,in the field of education,research on the education of community for the Chinese nation is still relatively weak.In addition,there is a problem of insufficient numbers of theories and practices relevant for the education of community for the Chinese nation.Therefore,in addition to strengthening innovative research on relevant theories and practices,we should also project an investigative vision for a more systematic and mature field of ideological and political education,and look for the logical connection between the two fields,starting with the theory of synergy.(Hermann,Lin transl.1995)In this way we can promote education for the sense of community for the Chinese nation.Currently,synergy education has become a new ideological and political educational trend in colleges and universities.Within the background of globalization,informatization and rapid urbanization,the spatial boundaries between countries,and among nationalities and cultures,have been broken,and heterogeneous group values and cultural psychological conflicts make the formation of the sense of community for the Chinese nation encounter the challenge of deconstruction and reconstruction.At the same time,with the further expansion of the traditional educational field and space,channels for the intake of information resources and communication become more open and diversified,but the tendency for educational targets to become segmented with regard to the aspects of value choice,interest appeal,etc.becomes more obvious.This requires that the education of community for the Chinese nation community should not only take full account of the multiple influences of the complex environment around the subject of education,but also change the traditional educational mode,which is a relatively closed field,limited in resources and relies solely on school edv ucation.We should turn to a new mode of collaborative education with more open educational space,integrated and shared educational resources and a pluralistic symbiosis of educational subjects.At present,the phenomenon of"Balkanization"exists within the education of community for the Chinese nation in colleges and universities.We see,for example,the decentralization of educational resources,the homogeneity of educational content and the fragmentation of educational function.The decentralization of educational resources is mainly manifested in the lack of systematic planning and top-level design for the integration and optimization of various educational resources.This leads to the problems of the development and utilization of resources in the school,such as overlapping of content,duplication of work,similar forms and dispersed functions.Due to the constraints of funds,organization and personnel,the breadth and depth of the openness and application of external resources are not enough,and there are many challenges in building the normalization of and mechanisms for this work.The homogenization of educational content is mainly manifested in the"substitution tendency"to replace the education of community for the Chinese nation with the ideological and political education of college students,and the"equivalent tendency"of equating the education of community for the Chinese nation simply with the education theme of national unity and the education of"five identities".At the same time,due to the division of the main body and information segmentation,the problem of low efficiency or the loss of efficiency of educational function in the education of community for the Chinese nation exists.As a result,joint force is insufficient;the actual effect is not strong enough for the education of community for the Chinese nation,which,in turn,makes it difficult to achieve the expected educational effect.Therefore,it is necessary to promote the education ofcommunity for the Chinese nation in colleges and universities under the overall framework of collaborative education,comprehensively consider the logical correlation between various education resources and elements,promote the integration and optimization of various resource elements,integrate and interact with each other,and constantly innovate the practical path of education.We should actively deal with the phenomenon of"balkanization"in the educational practice of community for the Chinese nation,promote the optimization and improvement of mechanisms for collaborative education,and realize the’quality and upgrading"of education.First,we must deeply grasp the high degree of correspondence and mutualthorough knowledge of community for the Chinese nation education and ideological and political education in terms of value objectives,educational content,educational carriers and means,and establish a new thinking concept for collaborative education.We should strengthen the integration of education resources and the development of courses,promote the deep integration of ideological and political education,professional education,general education and education of community for the Chinese nation,and optimize the education model through all-staff.Second,we should promote the integration and optimization of all kinds of educational resources in and out of school,online and offline,and actively develop resources for practicing and educating inside and outside the school.We should strengthen the construction of online ideological and political education positions,strengthen the education platform such as home-school collaboration,schoolgovernment cooperation,integration of science and education,and inter-school exchanges,and smooth the channels of effective connection and mutual transformation of educational resources inside and outside the school,gather the main force of education,and build an all-round educational ecology.Third,we need to strengthen the building of effective mechanisms for collaborative education.We should construct working mechanisms for collaborative education,promote the collaborative interaction of various education subjects,and,integrate and optimize education resources.We should reconstruct the mechanism of interaction between teaching and learning,find the psychological convergence point,the emotional resonance point and the joint point of interests within the subjects of education,and improve the sensitivity and effectiveness of education.We should strengthen the building of a feedback mechanism for evaluating the effectiveness of education,and promote the normalization of education of community for the Chinese nation.
作者
张利国
Zhang Liguo(School of Economics and Management,Dalian Minzu University,Dalian,116600,Liaoning,China)
出处
《民族学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第2期63-70,133-135,共11页
Journal of Ethnology
基金
2020年度辽宁省经济社会发展研究课题“铸牢中华民族共同体意识视域下辽宁城市民族事务治理创新研究”(2020lslktyb-023)
大连市社科院2019年度智库重大调研课题“大连市民族事务治理创新与少数民族流动人口权益保障研究”(2019dlsky012)的阶段性成果之一
关键词
协同
中华民族共同体教育
思想政治教育
community for the Chinese nation
balkanization
the ideological and political education
Synergy Theory
作者简介
张利国(1976-),男,汉族,民商法博士,大连民族大学经济管理学院教授,研究方向:马克思主义民族理论与政策、教育法。辽宁大连116600
