摘要
传统法人理论对公司表意机制的关注聚焦于公司意思表示的形成机制与行为效力问题,但对公司表意与公司治理机制的联动关系关注不足。在我国现行公司法上,公司表意机制呈现出强制性过度而自治性不足的根本缺陷。通过法定代表人所进行的代表表意机制,对建立在分权制衡基础上的公司治理机制具有明显的负面影响:与作为治理核心的董事会产生了执行代表权的冲突,在我国股权集中的公司治理实践中更加剧了公司权利集中,削减了公司治理机制的预期效用,增加了公司表意的环节与成本,对公章等表意外观标志的功能异化亦有助力。在具体制度上,现有公司表意机制无法协调公司内外部关系,代表人的权利义务和责任处于失衡状态,亦有违组织治理的基本原则。从公司治理视域出发,我国公司表意制度应当正本清源,将表意机制归位于公司治理体系,在公司自治基础上进行表意权利配置。具体而言,未来立法应当废止强制性过度的法定代表人制度,削减对公司代表人的任职资格规制,明确公司代表人经由董事会任免的机制和权责,并明确公司代表人的决议生效和登记对抗效力。
The traditional legal person theory focuses on the formation mechanism and effect of corporate representative acts,but it does not pay enough attention to the linkage between the corporate representative mechanism and corporate governance.In China,the current corporate representative mechanism has the defects of excessive mandatory and insufficient autonomy.The legal representative mechanism conflicts with the executive representation power of the board of directors,which is the core of corporate governance.Besides,it also intensifies the concentration of corporate rights,reduces the expected utility of corporate governance,and increases the company’s representation cost.From the perspective of corporate governance,the ideographic representative mechanism should be placed into the corporate governance system,and be allocated on the basis of corporate autonomy.Specifically,the excessive mandatory legal representative system should be abolished,and then a flexible corporate representative mechanism be established.The representatives should be appointed and dismissed by the board of directors,which corresponds to the need of Chinese corporate governance.
出处
《中国政法大学学报》
CSSCI
2021年第2期137-147,共11页
Journal Of CUPL
基金
中国政法大学青年教师学术创新团队支持计划(项目编号:20CXTD02)资助
关键词
公司治理
意思形成
法定代表人
公司决议
corporate governance
ideography formation
legal representative
corporate resolution
作者简介
刘斌(1986—),男,河南滑县人,法学博士,中国政法大学民商经济法学院副教授、博士生导师。研究方向为民商法学。
