大数据侦查的程序法治要义——以人权保障为基本视角被引量：3

The Essentials of Procedural Rule of Law in Big Data Investigation:From the Basic Perspective of Human Rights Protection

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摘要大数据侦查作为一种新型侦查技术、侦查模式以及侦查机制,其开展须以程序法治为前提。在现代法治理念引领下,"以权利制约为基础的侦查程序正当""以权力制衡为基础的侦查权力谦抑""以技术中立为基础的侦查利益衡量"相辅相成,一并构架起了大数据侦查之程序法治的理论框架。程序正当要求大数据侦查应以人本思想、无罪推定理念为指导,注重对犯罪嫌疑人知情权、隐私权、个人信息权等权利的切实保障,并以相对公开的方式加以强化;权力谦抑要求大数据侦查严格贯彻比例原则,受司法审查以及程序性制裁的权力制衡;利益衡量过程中则需要秉承技术中立原则,在个案裁量时通过综合衡量权力与权利、效果与效率等基本法治要素,真正实现大数据侦查的程序法治化。 As a new technology,new model and new mechanism,big data investigation must take procedural rule of law as a prerequisite.Guided by the concept of modern rule of law,Under the guidance of the modern concept of rule of law,"Due Investigation Procedure Based on Right Restriction","Modesty of Investigative Power Based on Power Balance",and"Measurement of investigative interests based on technological neutrality"complement each other,which constructs the theoretical framework of the rule of law in the procedure of big data investigation.First of all,it requires big data investigation to uphold the Human Rights Foundation of people-oriented and presumption of innocence,special attention should be paid to the basic rights of the accused and other related rights,such as the right to know,privacy,and personal information rights,and they will be subject to supervision and restriction through"Relative openness of procedures".Secondly,it calls for strict implementation of the principle of proportionality in big data investigation,and to be checked and balanced by judicial review and procedural sanctions.Thirdly,in the process of interest measurement,we need to uphold the principle of technological neutrality,and realize the legalization of procedure in big data investigation by comprehensively measuring the basic elements of rule of law such as power and right,effect and efficiency in case discretion.

作者彭俊磊 Peng Junlei

机构地区山东大学法学院

出处《人权研究（辑刊）》 2019年第2期484-507,共24页 Journal of Human Rights

基金国家社科基金项目“基于犯罪嫌疑人权利保障的监察委员会调查权研究”(项目编号:17BFX055) 山东省法学会2018年度自选课题“大数据时代技术侦查的法律约束与权衡”[项目编号:SLS(2018)C11]的阶段性成果.

关键词大数据侦查程序法治人权保障权力谦抑利益衡量 Big Data Investigation Procedural Rule of Law Human Rights Protection Power Moderation Benefit Measurement

分类号 D918 [政治法律—法学]

作者简介彭俊磊,山东大学法学院博士研究生。