摘要
剥削阶级国家是阶级统治的工具,其根本矛盾是统治阶级与被统治的人民大众的矛盾,其通过制造代表人民利益的"超阶级国家"的精神幻象以实现对人民的思想统治,并通过行使公共职能实施对人民的现实统治。封建国家用君权神授将其政权神圣化而迫使人民接受。西方民主制是从资本权力到政治权力的转化器,给资本支配的国家政权披上代表人民利益的合法性外衣。建立"人民当家作主"的国家政权的美好理想成为千古难题。中国特色社会主义用中国共产党领导下的"全过程民主"提供了解决这一千古难题的中国方案。其坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国的有机统一,通过一系列的制度环节形成人民的集体意志,进而将人民的集体意志转变为国家的法律与政策,再对其进行实践检验并不断改进,实行全过程监督。由此构筑人民民主政治新形态,用制度体系保证人民当家作主,不仅实现了真正的民主,而且具有推动社会发展的巨大制度优越性。
The state dominated by the exploiting class is an instrument of class rule,and its fundamental contradiction is between the ruling class and the ruled masses.It achieves ideological rule over the people by creating the spiritual illusion of a"supra-class state"representing the interests of the people,and implements real rule over the people by exercising public functions.The feudal state sanctified its power by the divine right of kings and forced the people to accept it.Western democracy is a transformer of the power of capital and political power,giving capital-dominated state power a veneer of legitimacy to represent the interests of the people.The beautiful ideal of establishing a state power in which"the people are the masters"has become an eternal problem.Socialism with Chinese characteristics provides a Chinese solution to this problem through"whole-process democracy"under the leadership of the Communist Party of China(CPC).It insists on the organic unity of the Party’s leadership,the people’s mastery and the rule of law,and forms the collective will of the people through a series of institutional links,and then transforms the collective will of the people into the laws and policies of the state,and then tests and improves them in practice and implements whole-process supervision.The new form of people’s democratic politics is thus constructed,and the people’s mastery is ensured by the institutional system,which not only realizes true democracy but also has great institutional superiority in promoting social development.
出处
《马克思主义研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第1期80-90,155-156,共13页
Studies on Marxism
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想方法论研究”(20&ZD003)的阶段性成果
作者简介
鲁品越(1949-),上海财经大学马克思主义学院资深教授、博士生导师,上海市习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心特约研究员,复旦大学中国研究院特邀研究员。
