“村改居”正式权力的生成

The Production of Formal Power in the“Villages-Turned-Communities”

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摘要本文以成都市一个“村改居”社区的三次选举为例,研究了转型社区正式权力的形成过程,并进一步探讨了基层社区选举的描述性代表性和实质性代表性问题。研究指出,“村改居”社区具有非均衡异质性和承担双重行政任务的特点,这影响了社区正式权力的生成。具体而言:(1)由于原住村民之间具有较高的同质性和整合度,社区选举动员更容易在他们之间展开,因此来自原农村社区的候选人更容易当选。另外,由于原农村社区仍有大量遗留事务需要处理,因此镇(街)政府更倾向于让原村干部当选。(2)“村改居”社区虽然作为城市社区的过渡形态,但也需要像其他城市社区一样管理新型商品房小区,并应对各种考核评比。原村老干部往往无法胜任这些新型行政任务,因此他们非常欢迎国家政策性引入的大学生助理来协助工作。换句话说,受到非均衡异质性和双重行政任务的影响,“村改居”社区的权力生成具有“原生性”再生产和选择性吸纳的特点。 This paper explores the process of formal power production in“villages-turned-communities”and discusses issues of descriptive representation and substantive representation of grassroots community elections.The article points out that“villages-turned-communities”have two distinct characters:uneven heterogeneity and dual administrative function,which can further influence the formal power production of the communities.On the one hand,since residents from original villages are more homogeneous and better organized,electoral mobilizations are more likely to be conducted in such subgroups,and corresponding candidates are thus more likely to win out;and since there are often some affairs remained to be resolved in the original villages,township(street-level)governments tend to prefer previous cadres to be elected.On the other hand,“villages-turned-communities”also need to serve like any other urban community committees,managing new commercial communities and facing various forms of assessment and inspection.Cadres from previous villages are often incapable of dealing with such administrative affairs.As a result,they urgently embrace college-graduate assistants competing for positions in the community committees.In other words,due to the influence of uneven heterogeneity and dual administrative function,the elections in“villageturned-communities”tend to have characters of bounded reproduction and selective inclusion.

作者邓燕华张莉 Deng Yanhua;Zhang Li

机构地区南京大学社会学院西南财经大学教师教学发展中心

出处《中国研究》 2023年第1期33-63,336,共32页 China Studies

基金国家社会科学基金重大项目“新时代乡村治理的组织体系建设问题研究”(项目批*准号:20&ZD166)的阶段性研究成果

关键词村改居非均衡异质性双重行政任务原生性再生产选择性吸纳 village-turned-communities uneven heterogeneity dual administrative task bounded reproduction selective inclusion

分类号 D669.3 [政治法律—中外政治制度] D422.6 [政治法律—国际共产主义运动]

作者简介邓燕华,(deng@nju.edu.cn),南京大学社会学院教授;张莉,(lily12@swufe.edu.cn),西南财经大学教师教学发展中心助理研究员。