摘要
在国际投资仲裁领域中,集体诉请是指众多投资者依据相似的事实和法律通过同一仲裁程序共同对东道国提起投资仲裁的情形。集体诉请在国际仲裁中存在法律依据缺失的适用困境,其适用的正当性被仲裁庭的权力扩张现象进一步削弱。在法律缺位的困境下,集体诉请仍能在实践中适用的根源在于ICSID仲裁实践认定适用集体诉请无需东道国的“额外同意”,将集体诉请界定为可受理性问题以及忽视了集体诉请将损害东道国的正当程序权利。集体诉请适用困境之破解需以投资者与东道国的权益再平衡为价值导向,明确集体诉请的适用前提为东道国明示或默示同意,以及提高既有ICSID框架下集体诉请程序的可操作性。我国应当基于在投资争端中的具体角色定位,结合集体诉请的价值考量以更好地在国际投资仲裁中应对或利用集体诉请。
In the field of international investment arbitration,mass claim refers to the situation in which a large number of investors jointly initiate investment arbitration against the host state through the same arbitration procedure based on similar facts and laws.Mass claims in international arbitration suffer from the dilemma of lack of legal basis for their application,and the legitimacy of its application is further weakened by the phenomenon of arbitral tribunals’abuse of power.The reason why mass claims can still be applied in practice in the absence of a legal basis is that ICSID arbitration practices find that the application of mass claims does not require the“additional consent”of the host state,define mass claims as an issue of admissibility,and ignore that mass claims would undermine the host state’s right to due process.The solution to the dilemma of the application of mass claims needs to be oriented towards the rebalancing of the rights and interests of investors and host states,clarifying that the prerequisite for the application of mass claims is the express or implied consent of the host state,and improving the operability of mass claims procedures under the existing ICSID framework.Based on its specific role in investment disputes,China should depend on the value consideration of mass claims to better respond to or utilize mass claims in international investment arbitration.
出处
《商事仲裁与调解》
2022年第4期72-89,共18页
Commercial Arbitration & Mediation
关键词
集体诉请
国际投资仲裁
ICSID
mass claims
international investment arbitration
ICSID
作者简介
郝珈锐,复旦大学法学院硕士研究生。
