论高质量脱贫的内涵、实施难点及进路被引量：25

Research on the Conception,Practice and Policy Suggestions on Improving the Quality of Poverty Reduction in China

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摘要脱贫攻坚目标任务完成后还将面临脱贫质量问题,即脱贫之后是否会发生大规模返贫。习近平总书记对脱贫质量内涵及提高脱贫质量进行了重要论述。2018年以来的扶贫政策对提高脱贫质量作出充分安排。在借鉴国外接近于脱贫质量的贫困毕业概念和实践以及国内相关理论研究的基础上,文本将脱贫质量定义为脱贫真实性及可持续性状况。高质量脱贫即稳定脱贫,意味着真实脱贫和可持续脱贫。提高脱贫质量即提高真实脱贫比重,增强脱贫可持续性。中国提高脱贫质量的措施不断改进和完善,文本将其归纳为坚持标准、动态调整、实施巩固提升和防止返贫措施、改善人力资本和增强内生动力、加强保障性扶贫、严格考核评估六个方面。中国脱贫攻坚期内脱贫形势良好,但也存在若干制约因素。建议确立防止返贫和可持续脱贫目标,建立可持续脱贫保障机制,由脱贫攻坚逐渐向解决相对贫困问题过渡。 The establishment of the goal of poverty Reduction brings about the problem of the quality of poverty reduction,that is,whether large scale of returned poverty would happen after fast poverty reduction.President Xi Jinping has made important remarks on the quality of poverty reduction and how to improve it.Since 2018,improving the quality of poverty reduction has been included in related Chinese poverty reduction policies.With reference to the concept and practice of"poverty graduation"in other countries and related researches in China,this paper defines the quality of poverty reduction as authenticity and sustainability of poverty reduction.High-quality of poverty reduction could be called stable poverty reduction,meaning authentic and sustainable poverty reduction.Improving quality of poverty reduction means raising the proportion of authentic poverty reduction and strengthening its sustainability.In China,the measures of improving the quality of poverty reduction have been strengthened gradually,including adhering to the same poverty standard,conducting dynamic adjustment,taking specific measures of consolidating outcomes of poverty reduction and preventing returning to poverty,improving human capital and endogenous power of the poor,combining security measures,and taking strict examination and evaluation.The current quality of poverty reduction is good,although restrictive factors still exist.It is suggested that mechanisms should be established to keep sustainable poverty reduction after 2020 and foster the transition to reducing relative poverty.

作者檀学文白描 TAN Xue-wen;BAI Miao(Rural Development Institute,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100732)

机构地区中国社会科学院农村发展研究所

出处《新疆师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》 CSSCI 北大核心 2021年第2期29-40,2,共13页 Journal of Xinjiang Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基金中国社会科学院创新工程重大专题项目“实施‘脱贫攻坚’和‘共享发展’战略研究”(2017YCXZD008) 中国社会科学院研究所创新工程研究类项目“解决我国相对贫困问题长效机制研究”(2020NFSB05)的阶段性成果。

关键词脱贫质量稳定脱贫可持续脱贫兜底保障社会保护 Quality of Poverty Reduction Stable Poverty Reduction Sustainable Poverty Reduction Basic Social Security Guarantees Social Protection

分类号 F323.8 [经济管理—产业经济]

作者简介檀学文,中国社会科学院农村发展研究所研究员,贫困与福祉研究室主任,中国社会科学院贫困问题研究中心秘书长。从事贫困与福祉、农民工与城镇化、农业可持续发展等问题研究。参与中国社会科学院国情调研特大项目“精准扶贫精准脱贫百村调研”等课题,代表作有《习近平精准扶贫思想实践深化研究》、《不稳定城镇化》等;白描,中国社会科学院农村发展研究所副研究员