摘要
以网络为犯罪对象的网络犯罪和以网络为犯罪工具的网络犯罪,只是“行为指向”标准下网络犯罪的两个归类。除了可以按照“行为指向”这一标准而作出对网络犯罪的分类,还可按照“行为内容”这一标准而作出对网络犯罪的分类,且其具体包括网络系统或数据犯罪、网络财产犯罪、网络经济犯罪、网络人身犯罪、网络公共安全犯罪和网络社会秩序犯罪乃至网络国家安全犯罪。狭义的网络犯罪属于狭义的新型犯罪,从而也属于广义的新型犯罪,而广义的网络犯罪当然属于广义的新型犯罪。狭义的数据犯罪属于狭义的网络犯罪,从而也属于广义的网络犯罪,而广义的数据犯罪最终当然属于广义的新型犯罪。网络犯罪立法应予完善之处包括:应在针对特定领域的计算机信息系统的违法行为中纳入非法控制和截取数据的行为类型,以设置“特定领域计算机信息系统侵入、破坏、非法控制、截取数据罪”这一选择性罪名;应在提供程序、工具的违法行为中纳入提供破坏性或截取数据的程序、工具这一行为类型,以设置“提供侵入、非法控制、破坏、从中截取数据的计算机信息系统程序、工具罪”;增设“网络监管渎职罪”,且形成滥用职权型网络监管渎职罪和玩忽职守型网络监管渎职罪两种类型。网络犯罪的前述立法完善同时应注意形成罪刑阶梯。
Cybercrime with the network as the object of crime and cybercrime with the network as the tool of crime are only two categories of cybercrime under the standard of"behavior direction".In addition to the classification of cybercrime according to the standard of"behavior direction",the classification of cybercrime can also be made according to the standard of"behavior content",and it specifically includes cyber system or data crime,cyber property crime,cyber economic crime,network personal crime,network public security crime and network social order crime and even network national security crime.The narrow sense of cybercrime belongs to the narrow sense of new crimes,and thus also belongs to the broad sense of new crimes,while the broad sense of cyber crime certainly belongs to the broad sense of new crimes.The narrow sense of data crime belongs to the narrow sense of cybercrime,and thus also belongs to the broad sense of cyber crime,and the broad sense of data crime eventually certainly belongs to the broad sense of new crimes.The cybercrime legislation should be improved,including:the illegal control and interception of data should be included in the illegal acts against the computer information system in a specific area,so as to set up the optional crime of"intrusion,destruction,illegal control and interception of data in the computer information system in a specific area";the provision of programs and tools should be included in the The crime of providing destructive or data-intercepting programs and tools should be included in the illegal acts of providing programs and tools to set up the crime of"providing programs and tools to intrude into,illegally control,destroy,and intercept data from computer information systems";the crime of"network supervision malfeasance"should be added,and the two types of cyber crime are abuse of power and negligence.At the same time,the aforementioned legislation of cyber crime should be improved with attention to the formation of a ladder of crimes and penalties.
作者
马荣春
宋相呈
Ma Rong-chun;Song Xiang-cheng(Department of Law,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211105,China;Department of Law,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225127,China)
出处
《政法学刊》
2022年第1期11-18,共8页
Journal of Political Science and Law
关键词
网络犯罪
新型犯罪
传统犯罪
数据犯罪
罪刑阶梯
Cybercrime
New Type of Crime
Traditional Type of Crime
Data Crime
PenaltyLadder
作者简介
马荣春(1968-),男,江苏东海人,南京航空航天大学法律系教授,法学博士,从事刑法学研究;宋相呈(1989-),男,江苏东海人,扬州大学法学院2019级硕士研究生。
