摘要
目的 比较采取健康干预措施前后南阳市第二产业劳动者的职业健康素养(OHL)水平,分析职业健康素养干预效果。方法 2023年按照不同规模企业进行分层整群随机抽样,抽取南阳市第二产业3个重点行业(电气机械和器材制造业、非金属矿物制品业和计算机、通信和其他电子设备制造业)11家中小微型企业开展健康科普教育干预。以一线劳动者为研究对象进行前期调查,干预对象选取抽样企业中未参与前期调查的劳动者,采用《全国重点人群OHL监测调查个人问卷》调查干预前后OHL水平。结果 干预前,南阳市第二产业劳动者总体OHL水平为19.37%,干预后为78.92%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=312.279,P<0.05)。干预后,4个维度OHL水平均有提升:职业健康保护基本知识OHL水平从68.57%提高至81.69%(χ^(2)=20.888,P<0.05),职业健康法律知识OHL水平从21.90%提高至73.23%(χ^(2)=227.395,P<0.05),职业健康保护基本技能OHL水平从8.89%提高至67.08%(χ^(2)=287.782,P<0.05),健康工作方式和行为OHL水平从46.98%提高至81.69%(χ^(2)=122.569,P<0.05)。结论 干预后,南阳市第二产业总体和各维度OHL水平均明显提高;应进一步完善OHL调查及干预方法,多维度全面提升重点人群OHL水平。
Objective To compare the occupational health literacy(OHL) levels of workers in secondary industry in Nanyang City before and after health interventions, and analyze the effects of OHL interventions. Methods Stratified cluster random sampling was conducted according to enterprises of different sizes, and 11 small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs) in three key subindustries of the secondary industry(electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing industry, non-metallic mineral products industry and computer, communication and other electronic equipment manufacturing industry) were sampled for carrying out health popularization education intervention. A pre-survey was conducted taking the frontline workers as the study subjects, and the intervention subjects were selected from the workers in the sampled enterprises who did not participate in the pre-survey.and the post-intervention survey was conducted. The OHL levels were investigated before and after the intervention using the National Key Population OHL Monitoring Survey Individual Questionnaire. Results Before the intervention, the overall OHL level of workers in the secondary industry in Nanyang City was 19.37%, and 78.92% after intervention, with statistically significant differences(χ^(2)=312.279, P<0.05);after intervention, the levels of OHL at the four dimensions all increased: the level of OHL at the dimension of basic knowledge of occupational health protection increased from 68.57% to 81.69%( χ^(2)=20.888, P<0.05);the level of OHL at the occupational health law knowledge dimension increased from 21.90% to 73.23%( χ^(2)=227.395, P<0.05);the level of OHL at the basic skills for occupational health protection dimension increased from 8.89% to 67.08%( χ^(2)=287.782, P<0.05), and at the dimension of healthy work styles and behaviors OHL levels it increased from 46.98% to 81.69%( χ^(2)=122.569, P <0.05). Conclusions After the intervention, the overall level and dimensional levels of OHL in the second industry in Nanyang City were significantly improved;the OHL survey and intervention methods should be further improved, and the OHL levels of key populations should be comprehensively improved in multiple dimensions.
作者
江建梅
王月
JIANG Jianmei;WANG Yue(Nanyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanyang,Henan 473000,China)
出处
《现代疾病预防控制》
2024年第8期609-612,共4页
MODERN DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION
关键词
职业健康素养
第二产业
干预效果
Occupational health literacy
Secondary industry
Intervention effect
作者简介
通信作者:江建梅,副主任医师,硕士,研究方向:职业病防治,E-mail:897007100@qq.com。
