摘要
唐代先后四次设立的佛教官寺均具有强烈的政治象征意义。安史之乱末期,史思明模仿唐玄宗设立佛教官寺的先例,将幽州开元寺改额为顺天寺,并视此举为其建国方略之一。这说明在史思明及其臣僚心目中,设立佛教官寺已成为建立大燕国必不可少的政治合法性标志之一。田氏魏博时期的田承嗣与张氏归义军时期的张淮深,虽在时间上前后相去百余年,空间上东西相距数千里,却不约而同地选择以积极重修辖区内佛教官寺作为向唐中央表达忠诚的不二方式。这表明中晚唐半独立藩镇已普遍将佛教官寺的政治象征意义作为其构建自身政治合法性的重要资源。除此之外,通过在官寺频繁举行的国忌行香仪式,也是藩镇长官借以向唐中央表达忠诚并向本镇官民宣示自己政治合法性的重要手段。
There had four establishments of State Monasteries in the two capitals and every prefecture around the empire through the emperors’ edicts in the tang dynasty, each establishment had strong symbolic meaning of political orthodoxy. The rebel leader Shi Siming imitated the emperor Tang Xuanzong(唐玄宗)to establish his own state monastery by changed the Kaiyuan monastery’s name into Shuntian(顺天)monastery,and regarded this action as one of his general plan of founding his new country Dayan. This demonstrates establishing a State Monastery has become the symbol of political orthodoxy of founding a new country in the in the eyes of Shi Siming and his court officials. As two different Semi-independent military governors,Tian Chengsi(田承嗣)of Weibo(魏博)and Zhang Huaishen(张淮深)of Guiyijun(归义军)almost invariably rebuilt the State Monasteries in their jurisdictions as the way to express their loyalty to the emperor of Tang. These historical facts show the State Monasteries has become one of the most important resources for the Semi-independent military governors to construct their Political Legitimacy. Beside this, the important national rituals, such as burn incense and pray for the dead former emperors and empresses frequently held in the State Monasteries, is another important way for the Semi-independent military governors to express their loyalty to the emperor of Tang and declare of the ruling legitimacy to the people within their jurisdiction in the Middle and Late Tang.
出处
《西北民族论丛》
CSSCI
2018年第1期111-129,388-389,共20页
Northwest Ethnology Series
基金
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“西北地区发展的历史经验研究”(项目编号:17JJD770012)
陕西师范大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目“国忌行香制度与隋唐时代的儒释道三教”(项目编号:17SZTZ02)
陕西师范大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目“五代北宋时期中原王朝境内禅宗传法的空间扩展”(项目编号:17SZYB09)的阶段性成果
关键词
佛教官寺
半独立藩镇
政治合法性构建
中晚唐
田承嗣
张淮深
State Monasteries
Semi-independent Fanzhen
Construction of Political Legitimacy
Middle and Late Tang
Tian Chengsi
Zhang Huaishen
作者简介
聂顺新:陕西师范大学西北历史环境与经济社会发展研究院助理研究员.
