摘要
多模态感知机制对婴儿期语言习得至关重要,其中视听整合在典型发育婴儿的语言能力发展中起着关键作用。相比之下,高风险自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)婴儿在此整合过程中常面临挑战。典型的言语感知发展轨迹强调面部特征加工的重要性——对眼部与嘴部区域的注意能促进语言学习。实证研究表明,4.5月龄的婴儿已具备视听整合能力,这种能力可有效预测后期语言发展水平。而高风险ASD婴儿则表现出社会性注意减少和视听整合功能受损,此类缺陷可能破坏常规语言习得路径。因此,早期干预策略应优先采用基于生物学的感觉引导方法,重点增强多感官整合能力,而非仅针对注意行为进行训练。理解这些机制不仅能深化对典型语言发展的认知,更能为制定早期干预方案提供实证基础,从而支持高风险ASD群体的语言习得。
Multimodal sensory mechanisms are critical for language acquisition in infancy.Audiovisual integration,in particular,plays a pivotal role in developing linguistic skills among typically developing infants.In contrast,infants at high risk for autism spectrum disorder(ASD)often encounter significant challenges in this integration process.Typical developmental trajectories of speech perception emphasize the importance of processing facial features.Specifically,attention to the eye and mouth regions facilitates language learning.Empirical evidence shows infants as young as 4.5 months demonstrate audiovisual integration abilities.These early abilities reliably predict later language development outcomes.In contrast,infants at high risk for ASD show reduced social attention and impaired audiovisual integration.Such deficits may disrupt typical language acquisition pathways.Therefore,early intervention strategies should prioritize biologically-informed,sensory-guided approaches.These approaches should focus on enhancing multisensory integration rather than exclusively targeting attentional behaviors.Understanding these mechanisms advances our knowledge of typical language development.Moreover,it provides empirical foundations for creating targeted early interventions to support language acquisition in high-risk ASD populations.
作者
靳孟可
严璘璘
刘少英
肖乃奇
JIN Mengke;YAN Linlin;LIU Shaoying;XIAO Naiqi(Department of Psychology,School of Science,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Department of Psychology,Neuroscience and Behaviour,McMaster University,Hamilton L8S4L8,Canada)
出处
《心理科学进展》
北大核心
2025年第10期1794-1804,共11页
Advances in Psychological Science
基金
浙江省高校重大人文社科攻关计划项目“中加婴儿视听整合能力的比较研究”(项目编号:2024QN133)
浙江省教育科学规划课题“婴儿早期视听知觉整合的发展规律及干预研究”(项目编号:2024SCG329)的研究成果之一。
关键词
语音感知
视听匹配
多感官整合
高风险自闭症谱系障碍婴儿
语言发展
早期干预
speech perception
audiovisual matching
multisensory integration
high-risk autism spectrum disorder(ASD)infants
language development
early intervention
作者简介
通信作者:严璘璘,E-mail:yanlinlin@zstu.edu.cn。
