摘要
我国互联网金融平台囿于行业萌芽时期的宽缓化监管使其从信息中介嬗变为信用中介,以致衍生出的非法集资风险并未得到妥善消解。刑法学界从教义学谦抑理论出发进行的刑法条文限缩解释,忽略了前端金融法规范层面的规制思考;单纯引借域外治理经验及先进金融科技的做法,欠缺对非法集资活动衍生机理的本土化思考和司法向度的实质性关照。通过对334件样本案例进行巡检省思,当前互金平台存在信息披露体系阙如、正式法源支撑缺位、现行监管系统失灵的非法集资风险症结。对此应回归金融安全立场优化现行监管系统,塑造前端金融法规范与后端刑法的风险联动防范关系,以形成内含信息披露侧、法律供给侧、监管格局侧的三位一体规制体系。于信息披露侧规范信用评价体系、制定分级式的信用评价标准;于法律供给侧加快《金融稳定法》出台以补强多年缺失的正式法源,为实务的审判提供明确指引;于监管格局侧,引入金融科技以内嵌形成契合我国金融生态的监管沙盒,补位市场准入与退出制度,建立大数据互联网金融风险监控平台提升监管效能。通过体系化的防范机制构建,合理疏解金融体制改革之下互金平台的现实问题,并对优化营商环境予以积极回应。
China's Internet financial platforms are confined to relaxed regulation in the industry's nascent period,which has transformed them from information intermediaries to credit intermediaries,which caused improper elimination of the risk of ille-gal fund-raising derived from them.The restrictive interpretation of criminal law provisions by criminal law academics based on the theory of doctrinal modesty has neglected the regulatory thinking at the front-end level of financial law;and the practice of simply borrowing from overseas governance experience and advanced fintech lacks the localized thinking on the derivation mecha-nism of illegal fund-raising activities and the substantive attention to the judicial direction.Through the inspection and reflection on 334 sample cases,it is found that the current mutual fund platforms are characterized by the risk of illegal fund-raising due to the lack of information disclosure system,the absence of formal legal support,and the malfunctioning of the current regulatory system.In this regard,we should return to the position of financial security to optimize the current regulatory system,and shape the risk linkage between the front-end financial law norms and the back-end criminal law,in order to form a trinity regulatory system containing the information disclosure side,the legal supply side,and the regulatory pattern side.On the information disclo-sure side,we should standardize the credit evaluation system and formulate graded credit evaluation standards;on the legal sup-ply side,we should speed up the introduction of the Financial Stability Law to strengthen the formal legal sources that have been missing for many years,and provide clear guidelines for practical trials;on the regulatory landscape side,we should intro-duce fintech and embed it to form a regulatory sandbox that suits the financial ecology of our country,fill in the gap between the market access and exit systems,and establish a big data Internet financial risk monitoring platform to enhance the regulatory effectiveness.The establishment of a big data Internet financial risk monitoring platform enhances the effectiveness of supervision.Through the construction of systematic preventive mechanism,it is reasonable to solve the real problems of mutual fund plat-forms under the reform of financial system and respond positively to the optimization of business environment.
作者
孙伟乐
李品征
曹智涛
Sun Weile;Li Pinzheng;Cao Zhitao(Nanchang Vocational University,Nanchang 330500,P.R.China)
出处
《江西科技师范大学学报》
2025年第3期54-66,共13页
Journal of Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University
基金
2023年度上海市哲学社会科学规划课题“惩罚犯罪与发挥金融活力平衡下的金融诈骗罪适用范围研究”(编号:2023BFX013)
2020年度贵州省哲学社会科学规划课题“网络区块链新型犯罪的刑事风险与规制模式研究”(编号:20GZQN22)。
关键词
互联网金融平台
非法集资
金融监管
刑事治理
internet financial platform
illegal fund-raising
financial regulation
criminal governance
作者简介
孙伟乐(1995-),男,江西九江人,南昌职业大学法制办公室教师;李品征(2000-),女,河北唐山人,南昌职业大学法制办人员;曹智涛(2003-),男,湖南永兴人,东南大学法学院学生。
