摘要
目的了解中国手足口病和疱疹性咽峡炎流行特征及病原分布,为相关疾病防控策略制定提供依据。方法本研究采用描述性流行病学方法对2024年安徽省(华东地区)、重庆市(西南地区)、云南省(西南地区)、湖南省(华中地区)和河南省(华中地区)5个手足口病高发省(直辖市)手足口病和疱疹性咽峡炎哨点监测数据进行统计分析,采用χ^(2)检验分析其流行特点及病原学差异。结果2024年5省(直辖市)共纳入监测病例1961例,其中手足口病1089例(55.53%),疱疹性咽峡炎872例(44.47%)。两种疾病发病流行高峰均为15~26周,发病高峰时期手足口病病例占比为54.83%,疱疹性咽峡炎为45.17%。手足口病肠道病毒阳性检出率(73.65%)高于疱疹性咽峡炎(51.49%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。引起两种疾病的肠道病毒病原谱不同,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);手足口病优势病原为柯萨奇病毒A组16型(CVA16)(59.48%),其次为其他肠道病毒(20.32%);疱疹性咽峡优势病原为其他肠道病毒(59.24%),其次为柯萨奇病毒A组10型(CVA10)(18.93%)。5岁以下儿童在手足口病中占76.68%,在疱疹性咽峡炎中占83.07%。男女性别比手足口病为1.51∶1,疱疹性咽峡炎为1.27∶1。临床特征上CVA10感染病例发热比例为87.69%,高于CVA16(33.91%)和柯萨奇病毒A组6型(CVA6)(79.73%),CVA6感染患者出疹部位较CVA16和CVA10广泛;78.00%的疱疹性咽峡炎病例具有发热症状,2.57%~4.29%的病例具有嗜睡、惊厥、头痛、烦躁等神经系统症状。结论5省(直辖市)手足口病和疱疹性咽峡炎流行季节、发病人群等特征相似,但肠道病毒阳性检出率及优势病原谱具有差异。建议加强疱疹性咽峡炎监测,为其防治策略制定提供依据。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of pathogens causing hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)and herpangina in China,and provide evidence for the development of disease prevention and control strategies.Methods In this study,descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the sentinel surveillance data of HFMD and herpangina in 5 provinces(municipality)with high HFMD incidences in China in 2024,including Anhui(east China),Chongqing(southwest China),Yunnan(southwest China),Hunan(central China),and Henan(central China).The epidemiological and etiological characteristics of both HFMD cases and herpangina cases were compared by using χ^(2).Results In 2024,a total of 1961 cases were included from the five provinces(municipality),in which HFMD accounted for 55.53% and herpangina accounted for 44.47%.The incidence peak of the two diseases was during week 15-week 26,and during this period HFMD cases accounted for 54.83% and herpangina cases accounted for 45.17%.The positive detection rate of enterovirus for HFMD(73.65%)was higher than that of herpangina(51.49%),the difference was significant(P<0.001).The differences in enterovirus spectrum of two diseases were significant(P<0.001).For HFMD,CVA16 was the predominant pathogen(59.48%),followed by other enteroviruses(20.32%);while for herpangina,59.24% of the cases were infected with other enteroviruses,followed by CVA10(18.93%).In terms of demographic characteristics,both HFMD and herpangina mainly affected children under 5 years old,with HFMD and herpangina accounting for 76.68% and 83.07% of total cases,respectively.The male to female ratio of the cases was 1.51∶1 for HFMD and 1.27∶1 for herpangina.In terms of clinical characteristics,
作者
刘凤凤
宋杨
孟欣
张洁
黄四平
王丽萍
张彦平
常昭瑞
Liu Fengfeng;Song Yang;Meng Xin;Zhang Jie;Huang Siping;Wang Liping;Zhang Yanping;Chang Zhaorui(National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases,Division of Infectious Disease,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China;Nanning Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Emergency Response Office,Nanning 530023,Guangxi,China;Nanchang Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanchang 330038,Jiangxi,China)
出处
《疾病监测》
北大核心
2025年第7期858-864,共7页
Disease Surveillance
基金
公共卫生运行反应机制运行项目(No.102393220020010000017)。
关键词
手足口病
疱疹性咽峡炎
流行特征
Hand,foot and mouth disease
Herpangina
Epidemiological characteristic
作者简介
刘凤凤,女,甘肃省平凉市人,公共卫生硕士,助理研究员,主要从事传染病研究,Email:liuff@chinacdc.cn,ORCID:0000-0003-3888-8546;通信作者:常昭瑞,Tel:010-58900510,Email:changzr@chinacdc.cn。
