摘要
我国民法典、个人信息保护法先后施行后,我国人格权侵权精神损害赔偿的适用范围更广,制度也更趋完善。但也因此触发一些新问题,包括人格权侵权精神损害赔偿责任的归责原则、损害要件与严重要件的存废、损害要件的选择适用、严重要件的认定标准等问题,理论界对此争论不休,实务界也有不同看法。应当在重点剖析我国民法典第1183条、第996条及个人信息保护法第69条三个法律条文关系的基础上,对我国人格权侵权精神损害赔偿制度进行体系化完善,建构人格权侵权精神损害赔偿责任的二元归责体系,类型化构造损害要件,以合理期待理论为中心创设严重要件认定标准,实现我国人格权侵权精神损害赔偿的理论重塑与制度构建,最大限度地达致各方利益的衡平。
With the successive enactment of the Civil Code and the Personal Information Protection Law,China's legal framework for compensating mental distress arising from violation of personality rights has been expanded and refined.However,this development has given rise to a range of complex issues,including the principles governing liability for mental damages,the retention or abolition of the damage element and severity elements,the selective application of certain damages,and the establishment of appropriate standards for severity evaluation.These issues remain contentious within the academic circle and have elicited divergent perspectives within practice.To address these challenges,it is imperative to reform the compensation framework for mental distress caused by personality rights infringement systematically.This entails establishing a dual imputation liability framework for mental damages,classifying damage elements clearly,and formulating standardized criteria for assessing severity based on reasonable expectation theory.Such reform should be based on an in-depth analysis of the interplay among relevant legal provisions-namely,Article 1183 and 996 of the Civil Code and Article 69 of the Personal Information Protection Law.These efforts will facilitate a comprehensive theoretical reconstruction and institutional refinement of compensation mechanisms for mental distress in cases of personality rights infringement in China,thereby optimizing the balance of interests between infringers and victims.
出处
《比较法研究》
北大核心
2025年第4期104-121,共18页
Journal of Comparative Law
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“公共性视角下的数据流通法律制度研究”(项目编号:24BFX070)的阶段性研究成果。
关键词
人格权侵权
精神损害赔偿
归责原则
损害要件
严重要件
personality rights infringement
compensation for mental distress
the imputation principle
the damage element
the elements for severity
作者简介
杨显滨,华东政法大学“经天学者”,华东政法大学中国法治战略研究院教授,法学博士。
