摘要
在我国刑事诉讼法再修改的背景下,为防止对那些涉嫌轻微危害社会行为的人“过度入刑”引发“附随效应”和“墨汁效应”,进而损害社会公共利益,需要立足于审前、审中、判后等几个环节的“非犯罪化”路径,对不起诉制度、撤回起诉制度和犯罪记录封存制度予以完善。但轻罪案件的“非犯罪化”治理,不应只是通过不起诉、撤回起诉等程序出罪机制对行为人“一放了之”,而是要尽可能对其采取包括矫正考察等方式,有效消除其犯罪行为发生的内生性原因,以有效预防类似犯罪再次发生。为防止轻罪治理探索中司法裁量权的滥用,确保这种“非犯罪化”获得充分的正当性,既应将“公共利益考量”作为司法裁量权行使的基础原则,也可优先探索以封存犯罪记录解决问题。
In the midst of ongoing revisions to the Criminal Procedure Law,it is crucial to avoid unjustly criminalizing individuals for minor societal wrongs,which can have far-reaching consequences and damage public interests.To address this,implementing strategies of"decriminalization"at different stages-pre-trial,trial,and post-judgment-is vital.This involves enhancing processes like non-prosecution,dropping charges,and sealing criminal records.However,managing minor offenses through"decriminalization"should not just mean"letting offenders off the hook"with non-prosecution or dropped charges.Instead,it is important to implement measures such as correctional supervision to tackle the root causes of their criminal behavior and prevent future wrongdoing.To prevent misuse of judicial discretion in handling minor offenses and ensure the legitimacy of"decriminalization,"it is crucial to prioritize"public interest considerations"as the guiding principle for judicial discretion.Additionally,emphasizing the sealing of criminal records may provide a practical solution.
出处
《比较法研究》
北大核心
2025年第4期34-51,共18页
Journal of Comparative Law
基金
中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)项目“健全推动经济高质量发展体制机制研究”(项目编号:24XNQZ11)的阶段性研究成果。
关键词
轻罪治理
非犯罪化
不起诉
撤回起诉
犯罪记录封存
minor offenses governance
decriminalization
non-prosecution
withdrawal of prosecution
sealing of criminal records
作者简介
李奋飞,中国人民大学法学院、纪检监察学院双聘教授,法学博士。
