摘要
汉语量词翻译一直备受学界关注,但鲜有关于汉语复合量词英译的研究。文章基于语料库考察复合量词“人次”的翻译策略及其认知理据。研究设计分为描写、归纳和解释三个步骤:首先基于汉语语料库对“人次”事件类型分布进行详细描写,然后利用多个汉英双语平行文本缕析“人次”的翻译策略和技巧,最后结合认知语言学的转喻理论解释翻译过程的认知理据。研究表明:在汉语自然语篇中,“人次”主要分布于六种事件类型,涉及培训及就业、医疗服务、旅游出行等。在汉英翻译实践中,译者常采用模糊和精确策略处理“人次”的翻译。其中,在模糊处理时,“人次”约等于“人数”,体现了“人次”的语义虚化;在精确翻译时,“数字+人次”被译为“数字+名词”,这一过程体现了译者的转喻思维。文章对汉语复合量词的翻译实践和理论研究具有一定的启发意义。
The English rendering of Chinese classifiers has long attracted scholarly attention;however,research on the translation of Chinese compound classifiers remains scarce.Based on a corpusbased approach,the present study investigates the translation strategies for the compound classifier“renci”and their underlying cognitive motivations.The research design proceeds in three sequential steps—description,induction,and explanation.First,drawing on a Chinese monolingual corpus,we provide a detailed description of the distribution of event types in which“renci”occurs.Second,multiple Chinese-English parallel text corpora are utilized to tease out the translation strategies and techniques employed for“renci”.Finally,the cognitive rationale of the translation process is explicated within the framework of Cognitive Linguistics,specifically through the lens of metonymy theory.The findings indicate that,in natural Chinese discourse,“renci”is primarily distributed across six event types,including training and employment,medical services,and tourismrelated travel.In actual Chinese-English translation practice,translators frequently resort to either fuzzy or precise strategies when handling“renci”.When a fuzzy strategy is adopted,“renci”is rendered approximately as“number of people,”thereby revealing the semantic bleaching of“renci”.When a precise strategy is adopted,the construction“numeral+renci”is translated as“numeral+noun,”a process that manifests the translator’s metonymic thinking.The paper thus offers implications for both the practice and theoretical research on the translation of Chinese composite measure words.
出处
《外语教育研究》
2025年第3期50-58,共9页
Foreign Language Education & Research
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“语义修辞翻译过程中译者认知努力研究”(项目编号:21BYY062)。
关键词
复合量词
人次
翻译
语料库
转喻
compound classifiers
renci
corpus
translation
metonymy
作者简介
刘立新,男,博士,讲师,研究方向为语篇分析、翻译理论与实践。
