摘要
由于涉虚拟货币犯罪“去中心化”“匿名化”特性,侦查实践中暴露出涉案虚拟货币追踪困难、处置不当等难题。第三方机构凭借其追踪分析、处置虚拟货币的技术能力和资源优势,逐步成为配合侦查机关打击涉虚拟货币犯罪的辅助主体,其配侦行为主要作用在虚拟货币提取与分析研判、涉案虚拟货币先行处置等方面。作为打击网络犯罪中的新型公私合作方式,第三方机构应在侦查机关主导下,严格遵循有关技术标准和程序规范开展配侦活动。囿于第三方机构法律地位模糊、逐利本质隐忧、准入资质较低且监管不足等结构性缺陷,有必要及时确立第三方配侦行为适用理念、规范第三方机构选任机制、强化全流程监督与责任追溯机制等,防范第三方机构越权利用案件信息和干预侦查决策等行为,确保在合法框架下发挥第三方机构配侦优势。
Due to the“decentralized”and“anonymous”characteristics of crimes involving virtual currency,the investigation practice has exposed the difficulties of tracking and improper disposal of the virtual currency involved.With their technical capabilities and resource advantages in tracking,analyzing and disposing of virtual currency,the third-party organizations have gradually become auxiliary entities that cooperate with the criminal investigation authorities to combat crimes involving virtual currency.Their cooperation in investigation mainly plays a role in the extraction and analysis of virtual currency,and the prior disposal of virtual currency involved in the case.As a new form of public-private cooperation in combating cybercrime,the third-party organizations should carry out cooperation in investigation activities under the leadership of the criminal investigation authorities and strictly follow relevant technical standards and procedural specifications.Due to the structural defects of the vague legal status of the third-party organizations,the hidden concerns of their profit-seeking nature,the low access qualifications and insufficient supervision,it is necessary to promptly establish the applicable concept of third-party cooperation in investigation,standardize the selection mecha-nism of the third-party organizations,strengthen the supervision and responsibility tracing mechanism of the whole process,etc..The above measures would prevent the third-party organizations from utilising case information beyond their rights and interfering with investigative decisions,and ensure that the advantages of third-party cooperation in investigation are brought into play within the legal framework.
出处
《求是学刊》
北大核心
2025年第4期142-153,共12页
Seeking Truth
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目“刑事诉后程序性处分的规则补全研究”(24CFX104)。
关键词
虚拟货币
第三方机构
公私合作
配侦行为
Virtual currency
the third-party organizations
public-private cooperation
cooperation in investigation
作者简介
龚炜博,中国人民大学刑事法律科学研究中心研究人员、中国人民大学法学院博士研究生(北京100872)。
