跨国网络犯罪刑事管辖困境及冲突解决

The Dilemma and Conflict Resolution of Criminal Jurisdiction over Transnational Cybercrime

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摘要跨国网络犯罪呈现技术智能化、地域界限模糊化和危害弥散化等特征,传统管辖规则难以有效应对。由于国际社会存在“网络主权”和“网络自治”的理念冲突,以及部分国家管辖权扩张导致的管辖权积极冲突,跨国网络犯罪刑事管辖权行使规则亟待变革。网络刑事管辖权理论的拓展和以《布达佩斯公约》为代表的区域性多边机制的尝试,均未能有效化解管辖权难题。应立足《联合国打击网络犯罪公约》,在联合国框架内细化管辖权规则及冲突解决方案,坚守网络主权和合作主义原则,以法益侵害原则作为管辖权行使标准,以利益衡量原则和构建阶梯性优先次序解决管辖权冲突问题。刑事管辖困境的破解能够为跨国网络犯罪刑事司法协助的开展奠定坚实基础,提升我国打击跨国网络犯罪的能力。 Transnational cybercrime exhibits characteristics such as technological sophistication,blurred geographical boundaries,and widespread harm,making it difficult for traditional jurisdictional rules to effectively address.Due to the ideological conflict between“cyber sovereignty”and“cyber autonomy”in the international community,as well as the active jurisdictional conflicts caused by the expansion of jurisdiction by some countries,the rules for exercising criminal jurisdiction over transnational cybercrime urgently need to be reformed.The expansion of the theory of cyber-criminal jurisdiction and the attempts of regional multilateral mechanisms represented by the Budapest Convention have failed to effectively resolve jurisdictional issues.It is necessary to base on the United Nations Convention against Cybercrime,refine jurisdictional rules and conflict resolution solutions within the framework of the United Nations,adhere to the principles of cyber sovereignty and cooperation,and use the principle of harm to interests as the standard for exercising jurisdiction,and solve jurisdictional conflicts through the principle of interest balancing and the construction of a hierarchical priority order.The resolution of the criminal jurisdiction dilemma can lay a solid foundation for the development of criminal judicial assistance in transnational cybercrime and enhance China's ability to combat transnational cybercrime.

作者张印 ZHANG Yin

机构地区北京师范大学法学院

出处《江苏警官学院学报》 2025年第2期26-36,共11页 Journal of Jiangsu Police Institute

基金国家社会科学基金项目“打击网络犯罪国际刑事司法协助的理论与实践研究”(19BFX073)。

关键词跨国网络犯罪管辖权冲突网络主权法益侵害原则磋商机制 transnational cybercrime jurisdiction conflict cyber sovereignty principle of infringement of legal interests consultation mechanism

分类号 D997.9 [政治法律—刑法学]

作者简介张印,北京师范大学法学院博士研究生。