摘要
目的 调查老年2型糖尿病合并认知衰弱患者跌倒预防知信行现状,并分析其影响因素,从而为制定临床预防和干预措施提供参考。方法 选取2021年3月—2024年3月于西安市某医院就诊的108例老年2型糖尿病合并认知衰弱患者作为调查对象,采用一般资料调查问卷、跌倒预防知信行问卷、国际版跌倒效能量表(FES-I)进行调查,采用多元线性回归分析影响老年2型糖尿病合并认知衰弱患者跌倒预防知信行水平的相关因素。结果 老年2型糖尿病合并认知衰弱患者跌倒预防知信行问卷得分为(75.99±4.67)分,其中跌倒预防知识、跌倒预防态度、跌倒预防行为维度得分分别为(28.77±3.26)分、(20.34±2.74)分、(26.88±3.06)分。老年2型糖尿病合并认知衰弱患者FES-I总分为(40.16±2.66)分。Pearson相关分析结果发现,跌倒预防知信行总分及各维度得分与FES-I总分及各维度得分均呈正相关(P<0.05)。单因素分析结果显示,不同性别、婚姻状况的老年2型糖尿病合并认知衰弱患者跌倒预防知信行问卷得分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同年龄、文化程度、家庭月收入、居住状况、跌倒史、接受跌倒预防健康教育情况的老年2型糖尿病合并认知衰弱患者跌倒预防知信行问卷得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,年龄、文化程度、家庭月收入、跌倒史、接受跌倒预防健康教育情况、FES-I得分均是影响老年2型糖尿病合并认知衰弱患者跌倒预防知信行水平的因素(P<0.05),可解释总变异的58.74%。结论 老年2型糖尿病合并认知衰弱患者跌倒预防知信行处于中等水平,且受年龄、文化程度、家庭月收入、跌倒史、跌倒预防健康教育接受情况、跌倒效能等因素影响。因此,临床医护人员可基于相关影响因素给予患者针对性干预,从而提高其跌倒预防知信行水平。
Objective To investigate the current status of knowledge,beliefs,and practices(KBP)of fall prevention among elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)combined with cognitive frailty,and to analyze the factors influencing their KBP to inform clinical prevention and intervention strategies.Methods A total of 108 elderly T2DM patients with cognitive frailty who attended a hospital in Xi′an from March 2021 to March 2024 were surveyed using a general information questionnaire,a fall prevention KBP questionnaire,and the Falls Efficacy Scale-International(FES-I).Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with KBP levels among these participants.Results The mean total score on the fall prevention KBP questionnaire was 75.99±4.67,with subscale scores for fall prevention knowledge,beliefs,and behaviors of 28.77±3.26,20.34±2.74,and 26.88±3.06,respectively.The mean FES-I total score was 40.16±2.66.Pearson correlation analysis revealed that the subscale and total scores of KBP were positively correlated with the subscale and total scores of FES-I(P<0.05).Univariate analysis showed no significant differences in KBP scores by gender or marital status(P>0.05),but significant differences by age,educational level,monthly family income,living situation,fall history,and receipt of fall prevention health education(P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis identified age,educational level,monthly family income,fall history,receipt of fall prevention health education,and FES-I score as significant predictors of KBP levels(P<0.05),accounting for 58.74%of the variance.Conclusion Elderly T2DM patients with cognitive frailty exhibit moderate levels of KBP on fall prevention,which are influenced by age,education,monthly family income,fall history,receipt of health education,and selfefficacy for falls.Clinical staff should target these factors in tailored interventions to boost KBP levels on fall prevention in this population.
作者
张孟馨
司文
刘乔
高阿娟
崔遥遥
陈奕清
常莎莎
刘静静
Zhang Mengxin;Si Wen;Liu Qiao;Gao Ajuan;Cui Yaoyao;Chen Yiqing;Chang Shasha;Liu Jingjing(Department of General Medicine,Tangdu Hospital,Fourth Military Medical University,Xi′an 710038,China;Department of Interventional Radiology,Tangdu Hospital,Fourth Military Medical University,Xi′an 710038,China)
出处
《保健医学研究与实践》
2025年第4期24-29,共6页
Health Medicine Research and Practice
基金
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2020JM-327)。
关键词
2型糖尿病
认知衰弱
老年人
跌倒
知信行
多元线性回归
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Cognitive frailty
Elderly
Falls
Knowledge beliefs practices
Multiple linear regression
作者简介
第一作者:张孟馨,E-mail:yolomaxine@163.com。;通信作者:刘静静,E-mail:sweety20250123@163.com。
