摘要
安徽省是我国铜产业的重要基地之一,铜基新材料产业是安徽省重点打造的万亿级新材料产业。铜产业进出口对安徽省经常账户影响显著。近十年,铜产业进口规模稳步扩大,占全省货贸进口付汇总额比例稳中有升;出口方面,初级产品电解铜受国内外价差影响波动较大;再加工铜产品出口收汇小于初加工产品;“十四五”以来,深加工、高附加值铜产品出口收汇快速提升,作为新质生产力代表的“新三样”出口收汇稳步增长。目前铜产业外贸发展存在原料自给率低,进口依存度过高;受巨额进出口逆差因素影响,铜产业面临的汇率风险较高;铜产业独特的收付汇模式增加了跨境资金管理难度等问题。建议应进一步提升铜回收利用与海外获矿政策支持,给予企业差别化的汇率风险管理指导,动态跟踪跨境资金流动情况,大力发展铜期货市场,提升国际市场铜定价权。
Anhui Province is one of the important bases for China's copper industry,represented by large-scale copper smelting and processing enterprises.The province aims to develop a trillion-level new materials industry cluster with copper-based products.The import and export of the copper industry have a significant impact on Anhui Province's current account.Imports of the copper industry have steadily grown over the past decade,accounting for 20%of total import payments,while exports fluctuate due to price differences between domestic and international markets.Since the“14th Five-Year Plan,”exports of high value-added copper products have increased significantly.Challenges include low self-sufficiency in raw materials,excessive dependence on imports,significant exchange rate risks due to trade deficits,and complex cross-border capital management.Recommendations include enhancing copper recycling,supporting overseas ore acquisition,providing differentiated exchange rate risk management guidance,tracking cross-border capital flows,and developing the copper futures market to improve international pricing power.
作者
叶文辉
田静
李嘉
杜静雯
Ye Wenhui;Tian Jing;Li Jia;Du Jingwen(Tongling Branch,the People's Bank of China)
出处
《金融发展评论》
2025年第2期47-61,共15页
Financial Development Review
关键词
跨境收支
铜产业
经常账户
汇率风险
Cross-Border Payments
Copper Industry
Current Account
Exchange Rate Risk
作者简介
通讯作者:叶文辉,管理学硕士,中级经济师,中国人民银行铜陵市分行(国家外汇管理局铜陵市分局),Email:wayneywh2011@163.com;田静,硕士,中级经济师,中国人民银行铜陵市分行(国家外汇管理局铜陵市分局);李嘉,硕士,中国人民银行铜陵市分行;杜静雯,本科,中国人民银行铜陵市分行(国家外汇管理局铜陵市分局)。
